1.Ganewar ji
(1) Maa cikin hanyoyin
Duban ido:yi amfani da tasirin gani na idanu don lura da kyalkyali, rini, rashin ƙarfi na saman, da halayen bayyanar ƙungiyar, hatsi da fiber.
Taɓa hannu:yi amfani da tasirin tatsin hannu don jin taurin, santsi, rashin ƙarfi, lafiya, elasticity, dumi, da dai sauransu na masana'anta.Hakanan ana iya gano ƙarfi da elasticity na zaruruwa da yadudduka a cikin masana'anta da hannu.
Ji da wari:ji da wari suna taimakawa wajen yin hukunci da albarkatun wasu masana'anta.Misali, siliki yana da sautin siliki na musamman;Sautin yage na masana'anta na fiber daban-daban ya bambanta;Kamshin acrylic da ulu ya bambanta.
(2) Matakai Hudu
Mataki na farkoshine a fara bambance manyan nau'ikan zaruruwa ko yadudduka.
Mataki na biyushine ƙara yin hukunci akan nau'ikan albarkatun ƙasa bisa ga halayen azanci na fibers a cikin masana'anta.
Mataki na ukushine yin hukunci na ƙarshe bisa ga halayen ji na masana'anta.
Mataki na hudushine tabbatar da sakamakon hukunci.Idan hukuncin bai tabbata ba, ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin don tabbatarwa.Idan hukuncin ba daidai ba ne, ana iya sake gudanar da ganewar ganewa ko a haɗa shi da wasu hanyoyi.
2.Hanyar gano konewa
Halayen konewa na filayen yadi na gama gari
① Fiber na auduga, ƙonewa idan akwai wuta, ƙonewa da sauri, samar da harshen wuta da wari;Akwai ɗan hayaƙi mai launin toka, wanda zai iya ci gaba da ƙonewa bayan barin wuta.Bayan hura wutar, har yanzu akwai tartsatsin wuta da ke ci, amma tsawon lokaci bai daɗe ba;Bayan konewa, zai iya kiyaye siffar karammiski, kuma cikin sauƙi ya shiga cikin toka mara kyau lokacin da aka taɓa shi da hannu.Tokar tana da launin toka da laushi mai laushi, kuma ɓangaren zaren da ya ƙone baƙar fata ne.
② Hemp fiber, mai zafi da sauri, yana laushi, ba ya narkewa, ba ya raguwa, yana haifar da harshen wuta ko rawaya, kuma yana da ƙanshin ciyawa mai ƙonewa;Bar harshen wuta kuma ci gaba da ƙonewa da sauri;Akwai 'yan toka, a cikin nau'i na launin toka mai haske ko farar bambaro.
③ Wool baya konewa nan take idan ya tuntubi wutar.Da farko yana raguwa, sannan yana shan taba, sannan zabar ya fara ƙonewa;Harshen wutan rawaya ne na lemu, kuma gudun ƙonawa ya fi na auduga a hankali.Lokacin barin harshen wuta, harshen wuta zai daina ci nan da nan.Ba shi da sauƙi a ci gaba da konewa, kuma akwai ƙanshin gashin gashi da gashin fuka-fuki;Toka ba zai iya kiyaye ainihin siffar fiber ɗin ba, amma yana da amorphous ko spherical mai walƙiya baƙar fata kintsattse, wanda za'a iya murkushe shi ta dannawa da yatsunsu.Toka yana da adadi mai yawa da ƙamshin ƙonawa.
④ Silk, mai ƙonewa a hankali, narke da murƙushewa, kuma yana raguwa a cikin ball lokacin konewa, tare da ƙanshin gashin gashi;Lokacin barin harshen wuta, zai yi haske kaɗan, yana ƙonewa a hankali, wani lokacin kuma yana kashe kansa;Grey ball ne mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, wanda za'a iya murkushe shi ta dannawa da yatsun hannu.
⑤ The kona hali na viscose fiber ne m kama da na auduga, amma kona gudun viscose fiber dan kadan sauri fiye da na auduga fiber, tare da kasa ash.Wani lokaci ba shi da sauƙi a kiyaye siffarsa ta asali, kuma fiber na viscose zai fitar da ɗan ƙaramin sautin husa lokacin konewa.
⑥ Acetate fiber, tare da saurin ƙonawa, tartsatsi, narkewa da ƙonawa a lokaci guda, da ƙanshin vinegar lokacin kona;Narke da ƙone yayin barin harshen wuta;Grey baƙar fata ne, mai sheki da rashin daidaituwa, wanda za'a iya murkushe shi da yatsunsu.
⑦ Copper ammonia fiber, ƙonawa da sauri, rashin narkewa, rashin raguwa, tare da ƙanshin takarda mai ƙonewa;Bar harshen wuta kuma ci gaba da ƙonewa da sauri;Toka tana da launin toka mai haske ko fari.
⑧ Nailan, lokacin da yake kusa da harshen wuta, yana sa fiber ya ragu.Bayan tuntuɓar harshen wuta, fiber ɗin yana raguwa da sauri kuma ya narke zuwa wani abu mai kama da ƙananan kumfa.
⑨ Fiber acrylic, narkewa da ƙonawa a lokaci guda, ƙonewa da sauri;Harshen wuta fari ne, mai haske da ƙarfi, wani lokacin hayaƙi kaɗan kaɗan;Akwai warin kifi ko ƙamshi mai kama da kona kwalta;Bar harshen wuta kuma ku ci gaba da ƙonewa, amma saurin ƙonewa yana jinkirin;Toka baƙar fata ce mai gaggautuwa ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda ke da sauƙin murɗawa da yatsun hannu.
⑩ Vinylon, lokacin konewa, fiber yana raguwa da sauri, yana ƙonewa a hankali, kuma harshen wuta yana da ƙanƙanta, kusan mara hayaki;Lokacin da babban adadin fiber ya narke, za a haifar da babban harshen wuta mai launin rawaya tare da ƙananan kumfa;Wari na musamman na iskar carbide gas lokacin ƙonewa;Ka bar harshen wuta kuma ka ci gaba da ƙonewa, wani lokacin yana kashe kansa;Toka karami ne mai launin baki mai rauni mara ka'ida, wanda za'a iya murda shi da yatsu.
⑪ Polypropylene fiber, yayin da crimping, yayin narkewa, sannu a hankali konewa;Akwai harshen wuta mai haske shuɗi, hayaƙi baƙar fata, da abubuwan colloidal suna digowa;Kamshi mai kama da kona paraffin;Ka bar harshen wuta kuma ka ci gaba da ƙonewa, wani lokacin yana kashe kansa;Toka ba shi da ka'ida kuma mai wuya, m, kuma ba shi da sauƙi a karkatar da yatsa.
⑫ Chlorine fiber, mai wuyar ƙonewa;Narke da ƙone a cikin harshen wuta, yana fitar da hayaƙi baƙar fata;Lokacin barin harshen wuta, za a kashe shi nan da nan kuma ba zai iya ci gaba da ƙonewa ba;Akwai warin chlorine mara kyau lokacin ƙonewa;Toka wani dunƙule ne mai wuyar ƙanƙara marar ka'ida, wanda ba shi da sauƙin murɗawa da yatsu.
⑬ Spandex, kusa da harshen wuta, da farko ya faɗaɗa cikin da'irar, sa'an nan kuma raguwa kuma ya narke;Narke da ƙonewa a cikin harshen wuta, saurin ƙonawa yana da ɗan jinkiri, kuma harshen wuta yana da rawaya ko shuɗi;Narke yayin ƙonewa lokacin barin wuta, kuma a hankali a kashe kai;Ƙanshi na musamman lokacin ƙonewa;Toka shine farin toshe.
3.Hanyar gradient mai yawa
Tsarin gano hanyar gradient mai yawa shine kamar haka: na farko, shirya maganin gradient mai yawa ta hanyar haɗa nau'ikan ruwa mai haske da nauyi daidai gwargwado tare da yawa daban-daban waɗanda za'a iya haɗawa da juna.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da xylene azaman ruwa mai haske kuma ana amfani da tetrachloride carbon azaman ruwa mai nauyi.Ta hanyar watsawa, ƙwayoyin ruwa masu haske da ƙwayoyin ruwa masu nauyi suna yada juna a cikin mahaɗin ruwa biyu, ta yadda ruwan da aka gauraya zai iya samar da maganin gradient mai yawa tare da ci gaba da canje-canje daga sama zuwa ƙasa a cikin bututun gradient mai yawa.Yi amfani da daidaitattun ƙwallayen ƙima don daidaita ƙimar ƙima a kowane tsayi.Sa'an nan kuma, za a yi riga-kafi da zaren fiber ɗin da za a gwada ta hanyar ragewa, bushewa, da dai sauransu, a sanya su cikin ƙananan ƙwallo.Za a saka ƙananan ƙwallayen a cikin bututu mai ɗimbin yawa bi da bi, kuma za a auna ƙimar ƙimar fiber ɗin tare da madaidaicin ƙimar fiber, don gano nau'in fiber.Domin ruwa mai yawa zai canza tare da canjin zafin jiki, dole ne a ci gaba da kiyaye zafin ruwa mai yawa yayin gwajin.
4.Microscope
Ta hanyar lura da yanayin tsarin halittar filaye masu tsayi a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, za mu iya bambanta manyan nau'ikan da suke;Za'a iya ƙayyade takamaiman sunan fiber ta hanyar lura da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in fiber na yadi.
5.Hanyar warwarewa
Don yadudduka masu tsafta, za a ƙara wani nau'i na reagents na sinadarai a cikin bututun gwajin da ke ɗauke da zaren yadin da za a gano yayin ganewa, sa'an nan kuma za a lura da narkar da zaren yadi (narkar da, narkar da wani yanki, narkar da dan kadan, insoluble) a hankali an bambanta, kuma zafin da aka narkar da su (narkar da shi a dakin da zafin jiki, narkar da ta hanyar dumama, narkar da ta tafasa) za a rubuta a hankali.
Don masana'anta da aka haɗe, ya zama dole a raba masana'anta zuwa filayen yadi, sannan a sanya filayen yadi a kan faifan gilashi tare da shimfidar wuri, buɗe zaruruwan, sauke abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai, da lura a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa don lura da rushewar zaruruwan sassan kuma ƙayyade nau'in fiber.
Saboda maida hankali da zafin jiki na sinadarai suna da tasirin gaske akan solublewar fiber ɗin yadi, ya kamata a kula da hankali da zafin jiki na reagent lokacin gano fiber ɗin ta hanyar narkewa.
6.Hanyar canza launin reagent
Hanyar rini na reagent wata hanya ce don gano nau'in fiber na yadi da sauri bisa ga kaddarorin rini daban-daban na zaruruwan yadi daban-daban zuwa wasu abubuwan sinadarai.Hanyar canza launin reagent tana aiki ne kawai ga yadudduka da yadudduka waɗanda ba rina ko tsantsa ba.Zaɓuɓɓukan yadi masu launi ko yadudduka na yadudduka dole ne a canza launin ci gaba.
7.Hanyar narkewa
Hanyar hanyar narkewa ta dogara ne akan nau'o'in narkewa daban-daban na zaruruwan roba daban-daban.Ana auna ma'aunin narkewa da mita mai narkewa, don gano nau'ikan zaruruwan yadi.Yawancin zaruruwan roba ba su da ainihin wurin narkewa.Matsayin narkewar fiber na roba iri ɗaya ba ƙayyadadden ƙima ba ne, amma madaidaicin madaidaicin yana daidaitawa a cikin kunkuntar kewayo.Sabili da haka, ana iya ƙayyade nau'in fiber na roba bisa ga ma'anar narkewa.Wannan yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin gano zaruruwan roba.Wannan hanya ba wai kawai ana amfani da ita ba, amma ana amfani da ita azaman hanyar taimako don tabbatarwa bayan ganewa na farko.Yana da amfani kawai ga yadudduka na fiber na roba mai tsabta ba tare da maganin juriya na narkewa ba.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-17-2022