1.ʻIke ʻike naʻau
(1) Mama nā ʻano hana
Nānā maka:e hoʻohana i ka hopena ʻike maka o nā maka e nānā i ka ʻulaʻula, ka waihoʻoluʻu, ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili, a me nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka hui, ka palaoa a me ka fiber.
lima lima:e hoʻohana i ka hopena tactile o ka lima e ʻike ai i ka paʻakikī, ka ʻoluʻolu, ka ʻala, ka maikaʻi, ka elasticity, ka mahana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka lole.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ikaika a me ka elasticity o nā fibers a me nā yarns i ka lole e ka lima.
Lohe a honi:He mea kōkua ka lohe ʻana a me ka honi ʻana i nā mea maka o kekahi mau lole.Eia kekahi laʻana, he leo siliki kūikawā ko ka siliki;ʻOkoʻa ka leo haehae o nā lole fiber like ʻole;ʻOkoʻa ka ʻala o ka lole acrylic a me ka hulu hipa.
(2) ʻEhā ʻanuʻu
ʻO ka hana muaʻo ia ka hoʻokaʻawale mua ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui o nā fiber a i ʻole nā lole.
ʻO ka ʻanuʻu ʻeluaʻo ia ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā ʻano mea maka e like me nā hiʻohiʻona sensory o nā fibers i loko o ka lole.
ʻO ke kolu o ka ʻanuʻuʻo ia ka hoʻoholo hope e like me nā hiʻohiʻona sensory o ka lole.
ʻO ka ʻanuʻu ʻehāʻo ia ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā hopena hoʻokolokolo.Inā maopopo ʻole ka hoʻoholo, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ala ʻē aʻe no ka hōʻoia.Inā hewa ka hoʻoholo ʻana, hiki ke hana hou ʻia ka ʻike sensory a i ʻole e hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.
2.ʻAno ʻike ahi
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona puhi o nā fiber textile maʻamau
① ʻO ka pulupulu pulupulu, e ʻā ana inā he ahi, e ʻā wikiwiki ana, e hana ana i ka lapalapa melemele a me ka ʻala;Aia kahi uahi keʻokeʻo hina hina, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ʻā ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke ahi.Ma hope o ka puhi ʻana i ke ahi, aia nō nā ʻāʻā, akā ʻaʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi;Ma hope o ka puhi ʻana, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ke ʻano o ka velvet, a maʻalahi ka haki ʻana i ka lehu lehu ke hoʻopā ʻia e ka lima.He ʻeleʻele ka lehu a me ka pauda palupalu, a ʻeleʻele ka ʻāpana o ka fiber.
② Hemp fiber, ʻaʻā wikiwiki, palupalu, ʻaʻole heheʻe, ʻaʻole emi, hoʻopuka i ka lapalapa melemele a uliuli paha, a he ʻala o ka mauʻu ʻā;E waiho i ka lapalapa a hoʻomau i ke ahi wikiwiki;He liʻiliʻi ka lehu, ma ke ʻano o ka lehu mauʻu keʻokeʻo hina.
③ ʻAʻole e ʻā koke ka huluhulu ke pili i ka lapalapa.E emi mua ia, a laila e puhi, a laila hoʻomaka ke kaula e ʻā;He ʻalani melemele ka lapalapa, a ʻoi aku ka lohi o ke ahi ma mua o ko ka pulupulu pulupulu.I ka haʻalele ʻana i ka lapalapa, e pau koke ka ʻā ʻana o ka lapalapa.ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻomau ʻana i ke ahi, a aia ke ʻala o ka lauoho a me ka hulu;ʻAʻole hiki i ka lehu ke mālama i ke ʻano fiber kumu, akā he amorphous a spherical a ʻālohilohi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻāpana ʻāpana, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ma ke kaomi ʻana me kou manamana lima.He nui ka lehu a he ʻala o ke ahi.
④ ʻO ka siliki, e ʻā mālie ana, heheʻe a wili, a emi i loko o ka pōleʻa i ke ahi, me ke ʻala o ka lauoho wela;I ka haʻalele ʻana i ka lapalapa, e ʻā iki ia, e ʻā mālie, a i kekahi manawa e pio iā ia iho;He pōpō ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ka hina, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ma ke kaomi ʻana me kou manamana lima.
⑤ Ua like ke ano wela o ka pulupulu me ka pulupulu, aka, ua oi aku ka wikiwiki o ka wela o ka pulupulu ma mua o ko ka pulupulu, me ka emi o ka lehu.I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i kona ʻano kumu, a e hoʻopuka ka viscose fiber i kahi kani ʻakaʻaka liʻiliʻi i ke ahi.
⑥ ʻO ka fiber acetate, me ka wikiwiki o ka puhi ʻana, nā ʻulaʻula, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka ʻā ʻana i ka manawa like, a me ka ʻala o ka vīneka acrid i ke ahi;E hoʻoheheʻe a puhi i ka wā e waiho ana i ka lapalapa;He ʻeleʻele ka hina, ʻālohilohi a maʻamau, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia me nā manamana lima.
⑦ ʻO ka fiber amonia keleawe, ʻaʻa wikiwiki, hoʻoheheʻe ʻole, ʻaʻole emi, me ka ʻala o ka pepa puhi;E waiho i ka lapalapa a hoʻomau i ke ahi wikiwiki;ʻO ka lehu he hina hina a hina keʻokeʻo.
⑧ ʻO ka nylon, ke kokoke i ka lapalapa, e emi ai ka fiber.Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lapalapa, emi koke ka fiber a hoʻoheheʻe i loko o kahi mea colloidal akaka me nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
⑨ ʻO ka fiber Acrylic, hoʻoheheʻe a ʻā i ka manawa like, e ʻā wikiwiki ana;He keʻokeʻo ka lapalapa, ʻālohilohi a ikaika, ʻeleʻele iki i kekahi manawa;Aia ka ʻala iʻa a i ʻole ka ʻala ʻala e like me ke kā lanahu puhi;E waiho i ka lapalapa a hoʻomau i ke ahi, akā lohi ka wikiwiki o ke ahi;ʻO ka lehu he pōpō ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, maʻalahi ke wili me kou mau manamana lima.
⑩ ʻO Vinylon, i ka wā e puhi ai, e emi koke ka fiber, e wela mālie, a liʻiliʻi loa ka lapalapa, aneane ʻaʻohe uahi;Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka nui o ka fiber, e hana ʻia kahi lapalapa melemele ʻeleʻele nui me nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi;ʻO ka ʻala kūikawā o ke kinoea calcium carbide i ke ahi;E waiho i ka lapalapa a hoʻomau i ke ahi, i kekahi manawa e kinai iā ia iho;ʻO ka lehu he ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele palupalu ʻeleʻele, hiki ke wili me nā manamana lima.
⑪ ʻO ka pulupulu polypropylene, i ka wā e ʻokiʻoki ai, ʻoiai e hoʻoheheʻe ana, e wela mālie;Aia nā lapalapa ʻulaʻula uliuli, ka uahi ʻeleʻele, a me nā mea colloidal e kulu ana;Aala like me ka paraffin kuni;E waiho i ka lapalapa a hoʻomau i ke ahi, i kekahi manawa e kinai iā ia iho;ʻAʻohe maʻamau a paʻakikī ka lehu, ʻaʻole hiki ke wili me nā manamana lima.
⑫ ʻO ka chlorine fiber, paʻakikī ke puhi;Hoʻoheheʻe a wela i ka lapalapa ahi, e hoʻopuka ana i ka uahi ʻeleʻele;I ka haʻalele ʻana i ka lapalapa, e pio koke ia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomau i ke ahi;Aia kahi ʻala chlorine ʻono ʻole i ke ahi;He puʻupuʻu paʻakikī ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ka lehu, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke wili me nā manamana lima.
⑬ ʻO Spandex, kokoke i ka lapalapa, hoʻonui mua i ka pōʻai, a laila emi a heheʻe;Hoʻoheheʻe a ʻā i ka lapalapa, lohi ka wikiwiki o ka ʻā ʻana, a melemele a uliuli paha ka lapalapa;E hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā e ʻā ana i ka wā e haʻalele ai i ka lapalapa, a hoʻopau mālie iā ia iho;ʻAʻala ʻala kūikawā i ke ahi;ʻO ka lehu he poloka pipili keʻokeʻo.
3.Keʻano gradient density
Penei ke kaʻina hana ʻike o ke ʻano gradient density: ʻo ka mua, e hoʻomākaukau i ka solution gradient density ma ka hui pono ʻana i ʻelua ʻano wai māmā a kaumaha me nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ke hui pū kekahi me kekahi.ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia ka xylene e like me ka wai māmā a hoʻohana ʻia ka carbon tetrachloride e like me ka wai kaumaha.Ma ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, hoʻopuehu nā molekole wai māmā a me nā molekole wai kaumaha kekahi i kekahi ma ke kikowaena o nā wai ʻelua, i hiki ai i ka wai hui ke hana i kahi hopena gradient density me nā hoʻololi mau ʻana mai luna a lalo i ka paipu gradient density.E hoʻohana i nā pōpō mānoanoa maʻamau e calibrate i nā kumu kūʻai ma kēlā me kēia kiʻekiʻe.A laila, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia ka fiber textile e hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka degreasing, maloʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hana ʻia i mau pōpō liʻiliʻi.E hoʻokomo ʻia nā pōpō liʻiliʻi i loko o ka puʻupuʻu gradient density, a e ana ʻia ka waiwai nui o ka fiber a e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka fiber, i ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka fiber.No ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka wai gradient density me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana, pono e mālama mau ʻia ka mahana o ka wai gradient density i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.
4.Microscopy
Ma ka nānā ʻana i ka morphology longitudinal o nā fiber textile ma lalo o ka microscope, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana nui o lākou;Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka inoa kikoʻī o ka fiber ma ka nānā ʻana i ka morphology cross-sectional o ka fiber textile.
5.ʻano hoʻoheheʻe
No nā lole lole maʻemaʻe, e hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻano o nā reagents kemika i ka pahu hoʻāʻo i loaʻa nā fibers textile e ʻike ʻia i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai, a laila e nānā ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā fibers textile (dissolved, partially dissolved, dissolved iki, insoluble). hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻia, a me ka mahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai lākou (hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka lumi wela, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka hoʻomehana ʻana, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka paila) e hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia.
No ka lole i hui ʻia, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka lole i loko o ka lole lole, a laila kau i ka lole lole ma luna o ke aniani paheʻe me ka concave ʻili, wehe i nā fibers, hoʻokuʻu i nā reagents kemika, a nānā i lalo o ka microscope e nānā i ka hemo ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana a hoʻoholo i ke ʻano fiber.
Ma muli o ka manaʻo a me ka mahana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika i ka hopena o ka solubility o ka fiber textile, pono e hoʻomalu pono ʻia ka neʻe ʻana a me ka mahana o ka reagent kemika i ka wā e ʻike ai i ka fiber textile ma ke ʻano dissolution.
6.ʻO ke ʻano kala kala reagent
ʻO ke ʻano hoʻonaʻau ʻana he ʻano e ʻike koke ai i nā ʻano fiber textile e like me nā ʻano hoʻoluʻu like ʻole o nā fiber textile like ʻole i kekahi mau reagents kemika.Hoʻohana wale ʻia ke ʻano kala kala Reagent i nā ʻili a me nā lole wili ʻole a i ʻole maʻemaʻe.Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā lole lole kala a i ʻole ka lole lole.
7.Keʻano helu heheʻe
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ma luna o nā ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa o nā fiber synthetic like ʻole.Ua ana ʻia ka helu heheʻe e ka mika helu heheʻe, i mea e ʻike ai i nā ʻano o nā fiber textile.ʻAʻohe wahi heheʻe pololei ka hapa nui o nā fiber synthetic.ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka helu heheʻe o ka fiber synthetic like, akā paʻa maoli ka helu heheʻe ma kahi ākea.No laila, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka fiber synthetic e like me ka helu heheʻe.ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ala e ʻike ai i nā fiber synthetic.ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia kēia ʻano, akā hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ala kōkua no ka hōʻoia ʻana ma hope o ka ʻike mua ʻana.Hoʻopili wale ia i nā lole fiber synthetic maʻemaʻe me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-17-2022