Yellowing, tseem hu ua "daj", yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim uas cov xim dawb los yog lub teeb xim hloov daj nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm lwm yam mob xws li lub teeb, tshav kub thiab tshuaj. Thaum dawb thiab dyed textiles tig daj, lawv cov tsos yuav raug puas tsuaj thiab lawv lub neej kev pab yuav raug txo kom tsawg. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb txog qhov ua rau yellowing ntawm textiles thiab kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv yellowing yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus kub hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws.
Dawb los yog lub teeb xim ntaub ntawm nylon thiab elastic fibers thiab lawv cov ntaub sib xyaw yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua rau yellowing. Yellowing tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv dyeing thiab tiav cov txheej txheem, kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv kev cia lossis dai rau hauv lub khw qhov rais, lossis txawm nyob hauv tsev. Muaj ntau ntau yam uas yuav ua rau yellowing. Piv txwv li, cov fiber nws tus kheej yog qhov ua rau yellowing (cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam), los yog cov tshuaj siv rau ntawm cov ntaub, xws li cov seem ntawm cov roj thiab softening tus neeg saib xyuas (tshwj xeeb muaj feem xyuam).
Feem ntau, kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv yog yuav tsum tau paub txog qhov ua rau yellowing, yuav ua li cas los teeb tsa cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj twg yuav tsum tau siv lossis tsuas yog cov tshuaj twg tuaj yeem siv, thiab yam twg yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm yellowing, nrog rau kev ntim khoom thiab khaws cia. ntawm fabrics.
Peb tsuas yog tsom mus rau qhov kub kub yellowing thiab cia yellowing ntawm nylon, polyester fiber thiab elastic fiber blended fabrics, xws li Lycra, dorlastan, spandex, thiab lwm yam.
Ua rau cov ntaub yellowing
Gas fading:
—— NOx flue gas ntawm sizing tshuab
—— NOx flue gas thaum lub sij hawm cia
--Ozone raug
Kub:
—— Kev teeb tsa kub siab
—— Kub kub tuag
—— softener thiab kub kho
Ntim & Cia:
—— Phenol thiab amine ntsig txog lub hnub ci daj (lub teeb):
—— Kev ploj ntawm dyes thiab fluorescein
--Degradation ntawm fibers
Microorganisms:
—— Kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab mob thiab pwm
Lwm yam:
—— Kev sib raug zoo ntawm softener thiab fluorescein
Qhov chaw tsom xam ntawm cov teeb meem thiab Countermeasures
Kev teeb tsa tshuab
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev teeb tsa tshuab siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam textile, suav nrog cov uas ncaj qha rhuab los ntawm hluav taws kub thiab roj los yog indirect rhuab los ntawm cov roj kub. Lub sijhawm shaping ntawm combustion cua sov yuav tsim teeb meem ntau dua NOx, vim hais tias cov cua sov yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov combustion gas thiab roj; Thaum lub teeb tsa lub tshuab ua kom sov nrog cov roj kub tsis sib tov cov roj hlawv nrog cov cua kub siv los teeb cov ntaub.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj NOx ntau dhau uas tsim los ntawm lub tshuab cua sov ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub, peb tuaj yeem siv peb cov spanscor tshem tawm.
Cov pa luam yeeb fading thiab khaws cia
Qee cov fibers thiab qee cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom, xws li yas, ua npuas ncauj thiab cov ntawv siv rov ua dua tshiab, tau ntxiv nrog phenolic antioxidants thaum lub sijhawm ua cov khoom pabcuam, xws li BHT (butylated hydrogen toluene). Cov tshuaj antioxidants no yuav ua rau cov pa taws NOx hauv cov khw muag khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov NOx fumes no los ntawm huab cua phem (xws li cov pa phem los ntawm kev khiav tsheb, piv txwv).
Peb tuaj yeem: ua ntej, zam kev siv cov khoom ntim uas muaj BHT; thib ob, ua kom tus nqi pH ntawm cov ntaub qis dua 6 (fiber tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tsis muaj kua qaub), uas tuaj yeem zam qhov teeb meem no. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho tshuaj tiv thaiv phenol yellowing yog nqa tawm hauv dyeing thiab xov txheej txheem kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm phenol yellowing.
Ozone fading
Ozone fading feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev lag luam tsoos tsho, vim qee cov softeners yuav ua rau cov ntaub yellowing vim ozone. Tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv ozone softeners tuaj yeem txo qhov teeb meem no.
Hauv particular, cationic amino aliphatic softeners thiab qee cov amine hloov silikan softeners (siab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus) yog rhiab heev rau kub oxidation, yog li ua rau yellowing. Kev xaiv cov softeners thiab qhov kawg tshwm sim yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo txiav txim siab nrog rau kev ziab thiab ua tiav kom txo tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm yellowing.
kub kub
Thaum cov textile raug kub siab, nws yuav tig daj vim oxidation ntawm fiber ntau, fiber ntau thiab spinning lubricant, thiab cov ntaub tsis huv ntawm cov fiber ntau. Lwm yam teeb meem daj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum nias cov khoom siv hluavtaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog poj niam cov ris tsho hauv qab (xws li PA / El bras). Qee cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv yellowing yog qhov kev pab zoo los daws cov teeb meem no.
Cov khoom ntim
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov roj uas muaj nitrogen oxide thiab yellowing thaum lub sij hawm cia tau raug pov thawj. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm yog los kho qhov kawg pH tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawm 5.5 thiab 6.0, vim tias yellowing thaum lub sij hawm cia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab rau alkaline tej yam kev mob. Xws li yellowing tuaj yeem paub tseeb los ntawm kev ntxuav cov kua qaub tsuas yog vim qhov yellowing yuav ploj mus nyob rau hauv acidic mob. Anti phenol yellowing ntawm cov tuam txhab xws li Clariant thiab Tona tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm khaws cia phenol yellowing.
Qhov yellowing no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm phenol uas muaj cov tshuaj xws li (BHT) thiab NOx los ntawm huab cua ua paug los tsim cov khoom daj. BHT tej zaum yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov hnab yas, cov thawv ntawv rov qab, kua nplaum, thiab lwm yam. Cov hnab yas uas tsis muaj BHT tuaj yeem siv kom deb li deb tau los txo cov teeb meem zoo li no.
hnub ci
Feem ntau hais lus, fluorescent whitening agents muaj lub teeb ceev ceev. Yog tias fluorescent whitening fabrics raug tshav ntuj ntev dhau lawm, lawv yuav maj mam tig daj. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj fluorescent whitening cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog lub teeb nrawm nrawm rau cov ntaub nrog cov kev xav tau zoo. Hnub ci, raws li lub zog qhov chaw, yuav degrade cov fiber ntau; Cov iav tsis tuaj yeem lim tag nrho cov kab hluav taws xob ultraviolet (tsuas yog lub teeb tsis zoo hauv qab 320 nm tuaj yeem lim tau). Nylon yog cov fiber ntau uas ua rau yellowing, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov semi gloss lossis matte fiber uas muaj cov xim. Hom photooxidation no yuav ua rau daj thiab lub zog poob. Yog tias cov fiber ntau muaj cov dej noo ntau, qhov teeb meem yuav hnyav dua.
kab mob
Pwm thiab kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub daj daj, txawm tias xim av lossis xim dub. Pwm thiab cov kab mob xav tau cov as-ham kom loj hlob, xws li cov tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom seem (xws li cov organic acids, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov surfactants) ntawm cov ntaub. Qhov chaw ntub dej thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua kom cov kab mob loj hlob sai.
Lwm yam laj thawj
Cationic softeners yuav cuam tshuam nrog anionic fluorescent brighteners kom txo cov xim dawb ntawm cov ntaub. Tus nqi ntawm kev txo qis yog cuam tshuam nrog hom softener thiab lub caij nyoog ntawm kev tiv tauj nitrogen atoms. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi pH kuj tseem ceeb heev, tab sis muaj zog acid yuav tsum zam. Yog tias pH ntawm cov ntaub yog qis dua pH 5.0, cov xim ntawm cov fluorescent whitening tus neeg sawv cev kuj yuav ua ntsuab. Yog hais tias cov ntaub yuav tsum nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob kom tsis txhob phenol yellowing, ib tug tsim nyog fluorescent brightener yuav tsum tau xaiv.
Phenol yellowing test (aidida method)
Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau phenol yellowing, ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj antioxidant siv hauv cov khoom ntim. Feem ntau, hindered phenolic tebchaw (BHT) yog siv los ua antioxidant ntawm cov khoom ntim. Thaum lub sij hawm cia, BHT thiab nitrogen oxides nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yuav ua daj 2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-quinone methide, uas yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau yog vim li cas rau cia yellowing.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-31-2022