Shrinkage ntawm ntaub hais txog qhov feem pua ntawm cov ntaub shrinkage tom qab ntxuav los yog soaking. Shrinkage yog ib qho tshwm sim uas qhov ntev lossis dav ntawm textiles hloov tom qab ntxuav, lub cev qhuav dej, ziab thiab lwm yam txheej txheem hauv ib lub xeev. Lub degree ntawm shrinkage muaj ntau hom fibers, cov qauv ntawm fabrics, txawv sab nraud rog ntawm fabrics thaum ua, thiab hais txog.
Synthetic fibers thiab blended fabrics muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws shrinkage, ua raws li wool, linen thiab paj rwb fabrics, thaum txhob lo lo ntxhuav fabrics muaj ib tug loj shrinkage, thaum viscose fibers, dag paj rwb thiab dag ntaub plaub muaj qhov loj tshaj shrinkage. Objectively hais lus, muaj shrinkage thiab fading teeb meem nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov paj rwb fabrics, thiab tus yuam sij yog rov qab tag. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawm tsev textiles feem ntau yog ua ntej shrunk. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias tom qab kev kho mob ua ntej shrinkage, nws tsis txhais hais tias tsis muaj shrinkage, tab sis hais tias tus nqi shrinkage yog tswj nyob rau hauv 3% -4% ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv khaub ncaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv fiber ntau, yuav txo qis. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv khaub ncaws, peb yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog xaiv qhov zoo, xim thiab qauv ntawm cov ntaub, tab sis kuj to taub qhov shrinkage ntawm ntaub.
01.Influence ntawm fiber ntau thiab weaving shrinkage
Tom qab cov fiber nws tus kheej absorbs dej, nws yuav tsim ib tug tej degree ntawm o. Feem ntau, qhov o ntawm fibers yog anisotropic (tshwj tsis yog nylon), uas yog, qhov ntev yog luv thiab txoj kab uas hla yog nce. Feem ntau, qhov feem pua ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub ua ntej thiab tom qab dej thiab nws qhov ntev yog hu ua shrinkage. Lub zog nqus dej muaj peev xwm, qhov muaj zog dua qhov o thiab siab dua qhov shrinkage, qhov loj dua qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub nws tus kheej txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov xov paj (silk) xov siv, thiab qhov sib txawv feem ntau qhia los ntawm cov ntaub shrinkage.
Npuag shrinkage (%) = [yarn (silk) thread length - fabric length] / fabric length
Tom qab cov ntaub muab tso rau hauv dej, vim qhov o ntawm cov fiber ntau nws tus kheej, qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub yog ntxiv luv, uas ua rau shrinkage. Lub shrinkage ntawm ntaub sib txawv nrog nws shrinkage. Cov ntaub shrinkage sib txawv nrog cov qauv ntaub thiab weaving nro. Weaving nro yog me me, cov ntaub yog compact thiab tuab, thiab lub shrinkage yog loj, yog li lub shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub yog me me; Yog tias qhov nro ntawm cov ntaub yog loj, cov ntaub yuav xoob thiab lub teeb, cov ntaub shrinkage yuav me me, thiab lub shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub yuav loj. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dyeing thiab xov, thiaj li yuav txo tau lub shrinkage ntawm fabrics, preshrinking xov yog feem ntau siv los ua kom cov ntaub ntom ntom thiab txhim kho cov shrinkage ua ntej, thiaj li txo cov shrinkage ntawm fabrics.
02.Ua rau shrinkage
① Thaum cov fiber ntau spinning, los yog cov xov paj yog weaving, dyeing thiab xov, cov xov paj fiber ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub yog stretched los yog deformed los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, thiab tib lub sij hawm, cov xov paj fiber thiab ntaub qauv tsim muaj kev ntxhov siab. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev static qhuav so, los yog zoo li qub ntub dej so lub xeev, los yog dynamic ntub so lub xeev, tag nrho cov so ntawm lub xeev, kev tso tawm ntawm sab hauv kev nyuaj siab rau txawv degrees, thiaj li hais tias cov xov paj fiber thiab ntaub rov qab mus rau lub thawj lub xeev.
② Cov fibers sib txawv thiab lawv cov ntaub muaj qhov sib txawv shrinkage degrees, uas feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov fibers - hydrophilic fibers muaj qhov loj shrinkage degree, xws li paj rwb, hemp, viscose thiab lwm yam fibers; Hydrophobic fibers muaj tsawg shrinkage, xws li hluavtaws fibers.
③ Thaum cov fiber ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntub dej, nws yuav o nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov kua soaking, uas yuav ua rau kom lub fiber inch. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov ntaub, nws yuav yuam kom lub fiber curvature vojvoog ntawm lub weaving point ntawm cov ntaub kom nce, uas ua rau shortening ntawm cov ntaub ntev. Piv txwv li, thaum paj rwb fiber ntau nthuav nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dej, qhov chaw hla ntu nce los ntawm 40 ~ 50% thiab qhov ntev nce los ntawm 1 ~ 2%, thaum hluavtaws fiber ntau yog li 5% rau thermal shrinkage, xws li boiling. dej shrinkage.
④ Thaum cov khoom siv fiber ntau yog cua sov, cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov fiber ntau hloov thiab kev cog lus, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub xeev thawj zaug tom qab txias, uas yog hu ua fiber ntau thermal shrinkage. Qhov feem pua ntawm qhov ntev ua ntej thiab tom qab thermal shrinkage yog hu ua thermal shrinkage tus nqi, uas feem ntau qhia los ntawm qhov feem pua ntawm fiber ntau shrinkage nyob rau hauv boiling dej ntawm 100 ℃; Cov txheej txheem cua kub kuj tseem siv los ntsuas qhov feem pua ntawm cov cua kub hauv qhov kub siab tshaj 100 ℃, thiab cov txheej txheem chav dej kuj tseem siv los ntsuas qhov feem pua ntawm cov shrinkage hauv chav tshaj 100 ℃. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm fibers kuj txawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv xws li cov qauv sab hauv, cua sov thiab lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, lub boiling dej shrinkage ntawm cov txheej txheem polyester staple fiber yog 1%, lub boiling dej shrinkage ntawm vinylon yog 5%, thiab cov cua kub shrinkage ntawm nylon yog 50%. Fibers yog ze ze rau kev ua textile thiab qhov seem stability ntawm fabrics, uas muab qee lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem tom ntej.
03.Qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub dav dav
paj rwb 4% - 10%;
Cov tshuaj fiber ntau 4% - 8%;
paj rwb polyester 3.5% -5 5%;
3% rau daim ntaub dawb;
3-4% wool xiav ntaub;
Poplin yog 3-4.5%;
3-3.5% rau calico;
4% rau daim ntaub twill;
10% rau daim ntaub ua haujlwm;
Artificial paj rwb yog 10%.
04.Yog vim li cas cuam tshuam shrinkage
1. Cov khoom siv raw
Lub shrinkage ntawm fabrics txawv nrog raw cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau hais lus, fibers nrog siab hygroscopicity yuav nthuav, nce nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, luv nyob rau hauv ntev, thiab muaj ib tug loj shrinkage tom qab soaking. Piv txwv li, qee cov viscose fibers muaj dej nqus ntawm 13%, thaum cov ntaub hluavtaws fiber ntau muaj cov dej tsis zoo, thiab lawv cov shrinkage me me.
2. Ceev ceev
Lub shrinkage ntawm fabrics txawv nrog lawv cov ntom. Yog tias qhov longitude thiab latitude ntom ntom zoo sib xws, qhov ntev thiab latitude shrinkage kuj nyob ze. Fabrics nrog siab warp ceev muaj loj warp shrinkage. Conversely, fabrics nrog ntau dua weft ceev tshaj warp ceev muaj loj weft shrinkage.
3. xov paj thickness
Lub shrinkage ntawm fabrics txawv nrog cov xov tooj suav. Lub shrinkage ntawm daim ntaub nrog ntxhib suav yog loj, thiab cov ntaub nrog nplua suav yog me me.
4. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm
Lub shrinkage ntawm fabrics txawv nrog ntau lawm txheej txheem. Feem ntau hais lus, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm weaving thiab dyeing thiab xov, cov fiber ntau yuav tsum tau ncab ntau zaus, thiab lub sij hawm ua yog ntev. Cov ntaub nrog loj thov nro muaj ib tug loj shrinkage, thiab vice versa.
5. Fiber muaj pes tsawg leeg
Piv nrog cov hluavtaws fibers (xws li polyester thiab acrylic), ntuj cog fibers (xws li paj rwb thiab hemp) thiab cov nroj tsuag regenerated fibers (xws li viscose) yog ib qho yooj yim kom nqus noo noo thiab nthuav, yog li lub shrinkage yog loj, thaum wool yooj yim rau felted vim lub nplai qauv ntawm cov fiber ntau nto, cuam tshuam nws qhov seem stability.
6. Npuag qauv
Feem ntau, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub npuag yog zoo dua li ntawm knitted fabrics; Qhov seem stability ntawm high-density fabrics yog zoo dua li ntawm tsawg-density fabrics. Hauv cov ntaub npuag, qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub dawb feem ntau me dua li ntawm cov ntaub flannel; Hauv cov ntaub knitted, qhov shrinkage ntawm cov plooj plooj yog me dua li ntawm cov ntaub qhwv.
7. Kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm
Vim hais tias cov ntaub yuav inevitably yuav stretched los ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm dyeing, printing thiab xov, muaj nro ntawm cov ntaub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub yog yooj yim los daws qhov nro tom qab ntsib dej, yog li peb yuav pom tias cov ntaub shrinks tom qab ntxuav. Hauv cov txheej txheem tiag tiag, peb feem ntau siv ua ntej shrinkage los daws qhov teeb meem no.
8. txheej txheem ntxuav
Kev ntxuav tu muaj xws li ntxuav, ziab thiab ironing. Txhua yam ntawm peb kauj ruam no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub. Piv txwv li, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv ntxuav tes yog qhov zoo dua li cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab qhov ntsuas kub yuav cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov kub siab dua, qhov kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua. Txoj kev ziab ntawm cov qauv kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau lub shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub.
Cov txheej txheem ziab qhuav feem ntau yog dripping drying, hlau mesh tiling, dai kom qhuav thiab rotating nruas ziab. Txoj kev dripping drying muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub, thaum lub rotating chim arch drying txoj kev muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub, thiab ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nruab nrab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, xaiv qhov tsim nyog ironing kub raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub. Piv txwv li, paj rwb thiab linen fabrics tuaj yeem raug ironed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los txhim kho lawv qhov me me shrinkage. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub siab dua, qhov zoo dua. Rau cov hluavtaws fibers, high-temperature ironing tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov shrinkage, tab sis yuav ua rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo, xws li cov ntaub tawv tawv thiab nkig.
————————————————————————————————————- Los ntawm Fabric Class
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-05-2022