Cellulose Acetate, CA for short.Cellulose Acetate ndi mtundu wa fiber zopangidwa ndi anthu, zomwe zimagawidwa kukhala diacetate fiber ndi triacetate fiber. Chingwe chamankhwala chimapangidwa ndi cellulose, yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala cellulose acetate ndi njira yamankhwala. Idakonzedwa koyamba mu 1865 ngati cellulose acetate. Ndi utomoni wa thermoplastic wopezedwa ndi esterification wa cellulose ndi acetic acid kapena acetic anhydride pansi pa chothandizira. Ndi polima yosinthidwa mwachilengedwe yomwe imapezedwa ndi esterification ya hydroxyl mu ma cellulose mamolekyulu okhala ndi asidi acetic. Kuchita kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa acetylation.

01. Gulu la CA

Ma cellulose amatha kugawidwa mu ulusi wa diacetate ndi triacetate CHIKWANGWANI molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa hydroxy m'malo ndi gulu la acetyl.

Diacetic acid imapangidwa pambuyo pa hydrolysis ya mtundu I acetate, ndipo digiri yake ya esterification ndi yotsika kuposa ya mtundu wa III acetate. Choncho, kutentha kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi vinyo wosasa atatu, ntchito yopaka utoto ndi yabwino kuposa ya viniga atatu, ndipo mlingo wa kuyamwa kwa chinyezi ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa viniga atatuwo.

Triacetic acid ndi mtundu wa acetate wokhala ndi digiri yapamwamba ya esterification popanda hydrolysis. Chifukwa chake, imakhala ndi kuwala kolimba komanso kukana kutentha, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa utoto komanso kuyamwa kochepa kwa chinyezi (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuyambiranso kwa chinyezi).

M'maselo a acetate fiber, gulu la hydroxyl pa cellulose glucose mphete limasinthidwa ndi gulu la acetyl kuti lipange ester bond. Digiri ya esterification ya fiber diacetate ndiyotsika kuposa ya triacetate fiber chifukwa cha hydrolysis. Ulusi wa Diacetate uli ndi gawo lalikulu la amorphous mu kapangidwe ka supramolecular, pomwe ulusi wa triacetate uli ndi mawonekedwe a crystalline, ndipo ma symmetry, kukhazikika komanso crystallinity wa fiber macromolecules ndi apamwamba kuposa ulusi wa diacetate.

02. Katundu wa fiber acetate

Mankhwala katundu

1. Kukana kwa alkali

Wofooka wa alkali wothandizira sanawononge chiwombankhanga cha acetate, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa fiber kunali kochepa kwambiri. Pambuyo pokumana ndi alkali wamphamvu, makamaka ulusi wa diacetate, zimakhala zosavuta kuti deacetylate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa thupi, mphamvu ndi modulus zimachepetsanso. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa pH wa njira yochizira ulusi wa acetate suyenera kupitirira 7.0. Munthawi yochapitsidwa, imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba ya chlorine bleaching, komanso imatha kutsukidwa ndi tetrachlorethylene.

2. Kukana zosungunulira organic

Cellulose acetate imasungunuka kwathunthu mu acetone, DMF ndi glacial acetic acid, koma osati mu ethanol ndi tetrachlorethylene. Malinga ndi izi, acetone imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungunulira cha acetate fiber, ndipo tetrachlorethylene ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa nsalu za acetate fiber.

3. Kukana kwa asidi

CA ili ndi kukhazikika bwino kwa asidi. Common sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid ndi asidi nitric sizidzakhudza mphamvu, kuwala ndi elongation wa CHIKWANGWANI mkati mwa ndende zosiyanasiyana; Koma akhoza kusungunuka mu anaikira sulfuric asidi, anaikira hydrochloric asidi ndi anaikira nitric asidi.

4. Kudaya

Ngakhale ulusi wa acetate umachokera ku cellulose, gawo lalikulu la magulu a polar hydroxyl pa mphete ya cellulose glucose amasinthidwa ndi magulu a acetyl kuti apange esters panthawi ya esterification. Chifukwa chake, utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popaka ulusi wa cellulose sugwirizana kwenikweni ndi ulusi wa acetate ndipo ndi wovuta kuunika. Utoto woyenera kwambiri wa ulusi wa acetate ndi utoto wocheperako wa molekyulu wobalalitsa wokhala ndi milingo yofanana yotengera utoto.

Ulusi wa Acetate kapena nsalu zopaka utoto wobalalitsa zimakhala ndi utoto wowala, zowoneka bwino, mayamwidwe apamwamba a utoto, kuthamanga kwamitundu komanso chromatography yathunthu.

katundu wakuthupi

1. CA sikuti imakhala ndi mayamwidwe ena amadzi okha, komanso imakhala ndi katundu wochotsa mwachangu pambuyo poyamwa madzi.

2. Kukhazikika kwamafuta a acetate fiber ndikwabwino. Kutentha kwa magalasi a fiber ndi pafupifupi 185 ℃, ndipo kutentha kosungunuka ndi pafupifupi 310 ℃. Pamapeto pa kutentha kwa kutentha, kulemera kwa fiber ndi 90.78%; Mphamvu yosweka ya ulusi wa acetate ndi 1.29 cN/dtex, pomwe zovuta zake ndi 31.44%.

3. Kachulukidwe ka CA ndi kakang'ono kuposa kansalu ka viscose, komwe kuli pafupi ndi ulusi wa polyester; Mphamvu ndi yotsika kwambiri mwa ulusi utatu.

4. CA ali ndi kuthanuka kwabwino, kofanana ndi silika ndi ubweya

5. Kutsika kwamadzi otentha ndi otsika, koma kutentha kwakukulu kumakhudza mphamvu ndi kuwala kwa ulusi, kotero kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira 85 ℃

Ubwino wa Cellulose Acetate

1.Diacetate fiber imakhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso anti-static katundu

M'malo okhala ndi chinyezi cha 65%, diacetate imakhala ndi chinyezi chofanana ndi thonje, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yowumitsa mwachangu kuposa thonje, kotero imatha kuyamwa mpweya wamadzi womwe umatuluka ndi thupi la munthu ndikuutulutsa nthawi yomweyo. Kuti anthu akhale omasuka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ntchito yabwino yoyamwitsa chinyezi ingachepetse kudzikundikira kwa magetsi osasunthika, zomwe sizili zophweka kupanga magetsi osasunthika.

2. Diacetate fiber imakhala ndi kukhudza kofewa

Modulus yoyamba ndi yochepa, ndipo fiber imakhala yofooka komanso yosinthika pansi pa kachitidwe kakang'ono, kamene kamasonyeza khalidwe lofewa, kotero khungu limakhala ndi kumverera kofewa komanso kosangalatsa. Koma ngati modulus yoyamba ndi yotsika kwambiri, imakhala yofooka.

Modulus yoyamba ndi yokwera, ndipo ulusi ndi wolimba komanso wosavuta kupindika pansi pa kachilombo kakang'ono, kusonyeza khalidwe lolimba.

3. Diacetate CHIKWANGWANI chili ndi ntchito yabwino yochotsa fungo

Chifukwa chiyani nsalu ya acetate imawoneka bwino?

1. Ulusi wa Diacetate uli ndi kuwala kofewa ngati ngale

Chigawo chamtanda cha silika wa mabulosi ndi makona atatu osakhazikika, ndipo gawo la mtanda wa ulusi wa acetate ndi wopindika wa concave convex. Onsewa ali ndi mikwingwirima yotalikirapo pamagawo awo aatali, kupangitsa kuwala kwawo kodutsako kufalikira komanso kuwala kwautali. Refractive index ndi otsika, 1.48. Choncho silika wa mabulosi ndikupereka kuwala kofewa ngati ngale.

2. Cellulose Acetate ili ndi mphamvu yokoka kwambiri

Mtundu woyamba wa ulusi ndi 30-45cn/dtex, kulimba kwake ndi kofooka, gawo la mtanda ndi losakhazikika la concave convex, nsalu ndi yofewa, komanso kumveka bwino.

3. Ulusi wa Diacetate uli ndi mitundu yowala komanso mtundu wachangu

Mtundu wa fiber acetate, chromatography yathunthu, mtundu wathunthu komanso woyera, kufulumira kwamtundu wabwino.

4. Fiber ya acetate ili ndi kukhazikika kwabwino

Vinegar fiber imakhala ndi kufalikira kochepa kwamadzi, kotero imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino pambuyo popangidwa kukhala nsalu kuti ikhale yokongola.

5. Ulusi wa Diacetate uli ndi katundu woletsa kuwononga

Kwa dothi ndi fumbi, madzi ndi mafuta, sikophweka kuipitsidwa komanso kosavuta kuyeretsa