Polyester kazhinji inoreva kune yakakwira molecular compound inowanikwa ne polycondensation ye dibasic acid uye dibasic doro, uye ayo ekutanga cheni macheni akabatanidzwa ne ester bond. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzepolyester fibers, dzakadai se polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber, polypropylene terephthalate (PPT) fiber, nezvimwewo pakati pawo, mafiber ane polyethylene terephthalate inodarika 85% ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. izvo, uye huremu hwemamorekuru hunowanzodzorwa pakati pe18000 uye 25000. Chimiro chikuru chemolecular ndeichi:
1. Polyester (PET) fiber
Tsvakurudzo yepolyester yakatanga muma1930s. Yakagadzirwa nevanhu vekuBritain vakaita sawhinfield naDickson. Muna 1949, yakagadziridzwa muBritain uye muna 1953 muUnited States. Icho chigadzirwa chemhando dzakakura dzesynthetic fibers dzakagadzirwa kunonoka, asi dzakagadzirwa nekukurumidza.
Huremu hwepolyester hunorema 18000 ~ 25000, uye dhigirii yepolymerization i100 ~ 140. Macromolecules ane symmetrical kemikari chimiro. Pasi pemamiriro akakodzera, macromolecules ari nyore kugadzira makristasi uye iyo fiber chimiro compact. Polyester macromolecules ane benzene zvindori, ayo akanyanya kuomarara macromolecules. Panguva imwecheteyo, ivo vanewo aliphatic hydrocarbon cheni, zvichiita kuti mamorekuru achinjike. Iko hakuna mamwe mapoka epolar mune macromolecule kunze kwezvinwiwa zviviri zvakamiswa hydroxyl mapoka. Nepamusoro ester content, hydrolysis uye kupisa kwekushisa kuchaitika pakupisa kukuru. Polyester inonyunguduka yakarukwa. Chikamu chayo chemuchinjiko chakatenderera, kutungamira kwayo kureba igirazi tsvimbo, uye density yayo i1.38 ~ 1.40g/cm3.
MuChina, fiber ine polyethylene terephthalate inodarika 85% inonzi polyester, inowanzozivikanwa se "Dacron". Kune mazita akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvokune dzimwe nyika, akadai sa“Dacron” muUnited States, “tetoron” muJapan, “terlenka” muUnited Kingdom, uye “lavsan” muyaichimbova Soviet Union.
2. Cationic dyeable polyester (CDP) fiber
Modified polyester (CDP) inogona kudhayiwa ne cationic dhayi nekuunza mapoka ane acidic anogona kusunga cationic dhayi muPET molecular cheni. CDP yakatanga kugadzirwa neAmerican DuPont company. Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, kubuda kwayo kwakaverengera 1/6 yehuwandu hwekubuda kwePET fiber. Mhando dzayo dzakajairwa dzinosanganisira dacron t64, dacron T65, etc. CDP haingove nekuita kwakanaka kwekudhaya, asiwo inogona kudhayiwa mubhavhu rimwe chete neshinda dzechisikigo dzakadai semvere dzemakwai, izvo zviri nyore kurerutsa nzira yekudhaya yemucheka wakasanganiswa. Kana iyo yakasanganiswa uye yakarukwa nepolyester yakajairwa, inogona zvakare kuburitsa imwechete yekugezera yakasiyana-siyana ruvara maitiro, ayo anowedzera zvakanyanya ruvara rwemachira. Naizvozvo, CDP yave inokurumidza kusimukira yakasiyana-siyana yakagadziridzwa polyester. CDP inonyanya kugadzirwa nekuwedzera yechitatu kana yechina monoma, senge sodium dimethyl isophthalate sulfonate (SIPM), kune pet macromolecular chain by copolymerization uye graft copolymerization. Seboka rakashata re sulfonic acid rinowedzerwa kuCDP molecular chain, pakudhaya, ion simbi paboka re sulfonic acid ichatsinhanisa ne cations mudhayi, saka ion dhayi ichagadziriswa paCDP macromolecular chain. Minyu inogadzirwa nekudhayira icharamba ichibviswa mumushonga wemvura, uye mhinduro inoenderera mberi. Pakupedzisira, dhayi mhedzisiro ichawanikwa.
Nzira yekugadzira yeCDP yakafanana neyechipfuwo, iyo inogona kukamurwa kuva inoenderera uye inopindirana. Nekuda kweakasiyana masosi emidziyo, CDP inogona kukamurwa kuita DMT nzira uye PTA nzira. CDP inoparadza chimiro chepakutanga chefiber nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kwemapoka matsva mumaketani macromolecular, iyo inoderedza kunyunguduka, girazi rekushandura tembiricha uye crystallinity ye fiber. Munharaunda yeamorphous, iyo intermolecular space inowedzera, iyo inobatsira kudhayi mamorekuru anopinda mu fiber. Simba reCDP rakaderera pane reyakajairika polyester, asi anti pilling midziyo yejira inovandudzwa, uye mubato wakapfava uye wakapfava. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira makushe emhando yepamusoro sezvigadzirwa. Kudhayiwa kweCDP kwakajairwa kuchiri kuda tembiricha yepamusoro (120 ~ 140 ℃) uye kudzvanywa kwakanyanya kana pasi pemamiriro ekuwedzera mutakuri, kuitira kuti kuve nemidziyo yekudhaya iri nani. Nokudaro, pakusarudza dhayi, inofanira kuonekwa kuti dhayi dzakasarudzwa dzinofanira kuva nekugadzikana kwekupisa kwepamusoro.
3. Tembiricha yekamuri uye mumhepo inomanikidza dyeable polyester (ECDP) fiber
Iyo inodhayiwa polyester ECDP payakajairwa tembiricha uye kudzvanywa inogona kugadzirwa nekuwedzera diki diki monomer yechina mukuita kwakajairwa pet polymerization. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika nekuti iyo polyethylene glycol inochinjika cheni segment inounzwa mu pet macromolecular chain, iyo inoita kuti molecular chimiro che fiber ive yakasununguka uye iyo amorphous dunhu rakakura, izvo zvinonyanya kubatsira kupinda kwe cationic dhayi mu fiber uye musanganiswa. nemamwe mapoka e-sulfonic acid. Naizvozvo, inogona kudhayiwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajairwa kubikira mamiriro ekudhaya. ECDP faibha ine ruoko rwakapfava kunzwa uye kupfeka zviri nani pane CDP nePET fiber. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera bond simba rechina monomer polyethylene glycol segment, kugadzikana kwekupisa kweECDP fiber kunoderedzwa, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba kweECDP fiber kunopfuura 30% pane ironing tembiricha ye180 ℃. Nokudaro, jira rakagadzirwa neECDP fiber rinofanira kubhadharwa zvakanyanya mumashure ekurapa, kugeza uye ironing.
4. PTT faibha
PTT faibha ndiyo chidimbu chepolypropylene terephthalate fiber. Vamwe vanhu kunze kwenyika vanodana PTT iyo yakakura fiber yezana ramakore re21, uye zita rayo rekutengesa ndi "Corterra".
PTT, pet uye PBT ndeyemhuri yepolyester, uye zvivakwa zvavo zvakafanana. PTT faibha ine hunhu hwezvose zviri zviviri polyester nenaironi. Zviri nyore kugeza nekuomeswa sepolyester, ine yakanaka elasticity kupora uye crease resistance, uye ine yakanaka kusvibisa kusvibiswa, kuramba chiedza uye kunzwa kwemaoko. Iyo ine kuita kurinani kwekudhaya pane polyester, uye inogona kudhayiwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajairwa. Pasi pemamiriro akafanana, kupinda kwedhayi kuPTT fiber kwakakwirira kudarika kwechipfuwo, uye kudhaya kwakafanana uye kukurumidza kwemavara kwakanaka. Kuenzaniswa nenylon, PTT fiber zvakare ine zvirinani kupfeka kuramba uye kupora kudzoreredzwa, uye ine hunhu hwekureruka kwakakura uye yakanaka fluffy, saka inonyanya kukodzera kugadzira makapeti nezvimwe zvinhu.
5. PBT fiber
PBT fiber ndiyo chidimbu che polybutylene terephthalate fiber. PBT fiber yakagadzirwa ne dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) kana terephthalic acid (TPA), iyo huru mbishi yepolyester, uye 1,4 - butanediol. PBT fibers dzakagadzirirwa nekunyunguduka kutenderera kweDMT uye 1,4 - butanediol pakupisa kwepamusoro uye vacuum, uchishandisa organic titanium kana tin compounds uye tetrabutyl titanate sezvinokonzera. Iyo polymerization, kutenderera, post-processing tekinoroji uye zvishandiso zvePBT fiber zvakangofanana neaya epolyester.
PBT fiber ine maitiro akafanana nefiber yepolyester, yakadai sesimba rakanaka, kugeza nyore uye kukurumidza kuomeswa, saizi yakagadzikana, kuchengetedza chimiro chakanaka, nezvimwewo chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chikamu chinochinjika checheni yayo macromolecular chakareba, saka chinotyoka uye inotambanudza, ine elasticity yakanaka, ine shanduko shoma mukunyungudika mushure mekupisa, uye inonzwa yakapfava. Imwe mukana wePBT fiber ndeyekuti dhayi rayo riri nani pane iro repolyester. Mucheka wePBT unogona kudhayiwa nedhayi dzakapararira pasi pemamiriro ekubikira dhayi pamhepo yemhepo. Uye zvakare, PBT fiber ine yakanaka kuchembera kuramba, makemikari kuramba uye kupisa kupisa. PBT fiber inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muinjiniya mapurasitiki, magomba emidziyo yemumba uye zvikamu zvemuchina.
6. Pen fiber
Pen fiber ndiyo chidimbu che polyethylene naphthalate fiber. Kufanana nepolyester, peni fiber ndeye semi crystalline thermoplastic polyester zvinhu, iyo yakatanga kuunzwa nekambani yeKASA yekuUnited States. Kugadzira kwayo kunoitwa kuburikidza ne transesterification ye dimethyl 2,6 - naphthalene dicarboxylate (NDC) uye ethylene glycol (eg), uye ipapo polycondensation; Imwe nzira yakananga esterification ye2,6 - naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (NDCA) uye ethylene glycol (eg), uye ipapo polycondensation. Kugadzikana kwekupisa kwepeni kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuwedzera chidimbu chemakomponi ane organic amines uye organic phosphorus.
Kutenderera kwepeni fiber kwakafanana neye polyester. Iyo nzira inoyerera ndeye: chip kuomesa → yakakwirira-kumhanya kutenderera → kunyora. Sezvo tembiricha yegirazi yekuchinja kwepeni fiber yakakwira kupfuura iyo yepolyester fiber, maitiro ekunyora anofanirwa kuchinjwa zvinoenderana. Multi pass drafting inofanirwa kutambirwa uye tembiricha yekunyora inofanirwa kukwidzwa kuti isakanganisa kunaka kwefiber nekuda kwekunonoka kwema molecular orientation. Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa polyester, peni fiber ine zvirinani mechanical uye thermal properties, senge simba rakakwirira, high modulus, yakanaka tensile kuramba uye yakakwirira rigidity; Yakanaka kupisa kupisa, saizi yakagadzikana, isiri nyore kukanganisa, yakanaka retardancy yemurazvo; Yakanaka makemikari kuramba uye hydrolysis kuramba; UV kuramba uye kuchembera kuramba.
7. Mvura uye yakaoma polyester filament
Nekushandura chimiro chemuchinjikwa-chikamu chefiber, mukaha pakati pemafibhi imwe chete unowedzera, nzvimbo chaiyo yepamusoro inowedzera, uye iyo capillary effect inovandudza hunyoro hwayo, kuitira kuti iite yakanyorova uye yakaoma polyester filament. Iyo fiber jira ine yakanakisa mwando conductivity uye mwando diffusion kuita. Iyo inofananidzwa nekotoni fiber uye mamwe mafiber ane yakanaka kunyura hunyoro. Nechimiro chesangano chinonzwisisika, mhedzisiro iri nani. Chipfeko chakaoma, chinotonhorera uye chakanaka. Inokodzera zvipfeko zvemitambo zvakarukwa, hembe dzakarukwa, machira ezvipfeko zvezhizha, masitokisi epolyester, nezvimwe.
8. High dehumidification ina channel polyester fiber
Du Pont yakagadzira TEFRA - chiteshi polyester fiber ine yakanakisa wicking kugona. Iyo yakakwira mwando inoitisa fiber yakagadzirwa nehydrophobic synthetic fiber, iyo inogona kupukuta ziya kubva paganda rinodikitira kusvika pajira rejira kuti ritonhore. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti hunyoro hwekubvisa muzana hwekotoni fiber yaive 52% uye iyo yechina chiteshi polyester fiber yaive 95% mushure me30min. Rudzi urwu rwefiber runonyanya kushanda muzvipfeko zvemitambo uye zvechiuto zvinyoro zvinopisa zvemukati, izvo zvinogona kuchengetedza ganda rakaoma uye rakagadzikana, uye ine yakanakisa kuchengetedza kupisa uye inotonhora proof mabasa.
9. Polyester porous hollow chikamu faibha "wellkey"
Chinangwa cheWellkey chekusimudzira kutora dikita remvura sechinhu kuti uwane kunyura kwakazara dikita uye nekukurumidza kuomesa. Wellkey ipolyester hollow fiber. Kubva pamusoro pefiber, kune akawanda ma pores anopinda mugomba chikamu. Mvura yemvura inogona kupinda mugomba kubva pafiber pamusoro. Ichi chimiro chefiber chinonangana pahupamhi hwekunyura kwemvura uye hunyoro hwemukati. Mukuita kutenderera, yakakosha pore kugadzira agent yakasanganiswa uye yakanyungudutswa kuita iyo fiber chimiro. Iyo faibha ine yakanakisa kunyudza dikita uye nekukurumidza kuomesa maitiro, uye inonyanya kushandiswa semucheka wepetticoat, matinji, zvipfeko zvemitambo, mashati, zvipfeko zvekudzidzira, majasi uye zvimwe zvipfeko. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwemabhenefiti ayo ekunyumwa kwemvura uye nekukasira kuomeswa uye mutengo wakaderera wekuomeswa, ine zvakare yakafara tarisiro yekushandisa muminda isina kupfeka uye minda yekurapa neyehutano.
10. Three dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber
Iyo yekutanga-matatu-dimensional crimp fiber yakagadzirwa nekushandisa maviri mapolymer ane akasiyana shrinkage zvivakwa kuburikidza neanosanganiswa kuruka tekinoroji uye chaiyo kutonhora kuumba maitiro. Mushure mekudhirowa, yakagadzira crimp yechisikigo nekuda kwekusiyana kwe shrinkage. Ikozvino maitiro ekugadzirira akafambira mberi zvikuru, ndiko kuti, inotora yakasarudzika tekinoroji ye eccentric spinneret hole dhizaini, yakasanganiswa neasymmetric inoumba kutonhora sisitimu uye inoenderana inotevera kudhirowa uye kuumbwa maitiro, Iyo fiber yakagadzirwa ine yakakwirira curl degree, yakasikwa uye isingaperi curl. uye kuchengetedza kwakanaka kwekudziya. Parizvino, mhando dzakagadzirwa dzinosanganisira maburi mana, maburi manomwe kana kunyange mapfumbamwe maburi matatu-dimensional crimped hollow fibers. Matatu dimensional crimped hollow fiber anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuzadza uye thermal fiber minda.
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Nguva yekutumira: Jun-21-2022