1.Plain weave fabric
Olu hlobo lweemveliso luthungelwe nge-weave ecacileyo okanye i-plain weave eyahlukileyo, eneempawu zamanqaku amaninzi adibanisayo, ukuthungwa okuqinileyo, umphezulu ogudileyo, kunye nefuthe lenkangeleko efanayo yangaphambili nangasemva. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeelaphu ezilula. Xa kusetyenziswa imisonto etyebileyo neyoluka, ukuxinana kwe-warp kunye ne-weft eyahlukeneyo, kunye ne-twist eyahlukileyo, indlela ejijwa ngayo, i-tension, kunye nemisonto yemibala isetyenziswa, amalaphu anembonakalo eyahlukileyo inokulukwa.
Nanga amanye asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo umqhaphu ocacileyo njengamalaphu:
(1.) Ilaphu elingenanto
Ilaphu elingenanto lilukwa elilula elenziwe ngekotoni esulungekileyo, ifayibha esulungekileyo kunye nomsonto oxutyiweyo; Inani leentambo ze-warp kunye ne-weft liyalingana okanye livale, kwaye ukuxinana kwe-warp kunye noxinzelelo lwe-weft ziyalingana okanye zivale. Ilaphu elilula linokohlulwa libe lilaphu elirhabaxa, eliphakathi elilula kunye nelaphu elicikizekileyo elilula ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ilaphu elirhabaxa likwabizwa ngokuba lilaphu elirhabaxa. Ilukwe ngomsonto orhabaxa womqhaphu ngaphezulu kwama-32 (ngaphantsi kwe-18 ubalo lwaseBritane) njengomsonto wokuluka kunye nomsonto. Ibonakaliswa ngumzimba welaphu elirhabaxa kunye nelingqindilili, i-neps ngaphezulu kumphezulu welaphu, kunye nomzimba welaphu ongqindilili, oqinileyo kunye nohlala ixesha elide. Ilaphu elirhabaxa lisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukudibanisa impahla okanye ukwenza impahla kunye nelaphu lefenitshala emva kokuprintwa nokudaya. Kwiindawo ezikude ezisezintabeni nakwiilali zokuloba eziselunxwemeni, amalaphu arhabaxa anokusetyenziswa njengempahla yokulala, okanye njengempahla yokwenza iihempe neeblukhwe emva kokudaywa.
Ilaphu eliphakathi, elikwabizwa ngokuba lilaphu lesixeko. Ilukwe ngomsonto womqhaphu ophakathi wobukhulu obungama-22-30 (iinyawo ezingama-26-20) njengomsonto wokuluka kunye noweft. Ibonakala ngolwakhiwo oluqinileyo, umphezulu welaphu ogudileyo kunye otyebileyo, ubume obuxineneyo, ukuthungwa okuqinileyo kunye nokuziva nzima. Ilaphu elilula kumbala ophambili lifanelekile ukudaya kunye nokusetyenzwa kwebatik, kwaye likwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengelaphu lesampulu lelaphu le-lining okanye ukusika ezintathu-dimensional. Ilaphu elicacileyo ekudayeni lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiihempe eziqhelekileyo, iibhulukhwe okanye iibhulukhwe.
Ilaphu elicolekileyo elicacileyo likwabizwa ngokuba lilaphu elicolekileyo. Ilaphu elicolekileyo lenziwe ngelaphu elicolekileyo lomqhaphu elinobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-19 (ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30) njengeentambo zokuluka kunye ne-weft. Ibonakaliswa ngumzimba welaphu elicolekileyo, elicocekileyo kunye nelithambileyo, ukukhanya kunye nokuqina okuqinileyo, i-neps encinci kunye nokungcola kumphezulu welaphu, kunye nomzimba welaphu elincinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo icutshungulwa kwiilaphu ezahlukeneyo ezifakwe i-bleached, ilaphu elinemibala kunye nelaphu eliprintiweyo, elinokuthi lisetyenziswe kwiihempe kunye nezinye iimpahla. Ukongeza, ilaphu elilula (elikwabizwa ngokuba kukusonta) elenziwe ngelaphu lomqhaphu elinobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-15 (ngaphezu kwe-40 yeenyawo zokubala) kunye nelaphu elicekethekileyo elenziwe ngokubala kakuhle (ubalo oluphezulu) umsonto womqhaphu ubizwa ngokuba ngumsonto weglasi okanye umsonto weBali. ukunyanzeliswa komoya kakuhle kwaye zifanelekile ukwenza iingubo zasehlotyeni, iibhulawusi, amakhethini kunye nezinye iingubo zokuhlobisa. Ilaphu elicolekileyo lisetyenziswa kakhulu njengelaphu elingwevu kwilaphu elifakwe iblitshi, ilaphu elinemibala kunye nelaphu eliyipateni.
(2.)Poplin
I-Poplin yintlobo ephambili yengubo yekotoni. Inesitayile sesilika kunye nokuziva okufanayo kunye nenkangeleko, ke ibizwa ngokuba yipoplin. Lilaphu elicolekileyo lomqhaphu elixinene kakhulu. Ilaphu lePoplin linenkozo ecacileyo, ingqolowa epheleleyo, igudileyo kwaye iqinile, icocekile kwaye ivakala igudileyo, kwaye inokushicilela kunye nokudaya, imisonto edayiweyo kunye nezinye iipateni kunye neendidi.
I-Poplin yahlulwe ngokweepateni zokuluka kunye nemibala, kubandakanywa umgca ofihliweyo we-lattice poplin, umgca we-satin we-satin we-lattice poplin, i-jacquard poplin, njl., efanelekile kwihempe zamadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ngokuprintwa kunye nokudayilwa kwe-poplin ecacileyo, kukwakho nepoplin enebleached, variegated poplin kunye nepoplin eprintiweyo. I-poplin eprintiweyo idla ngokusetyenziselwa iimpahla zabasetyhini kunye nabantwana ehlotyeni. Ngokomgangatho womsonto osetyenzisiweyo, kukho i-poplin yomgca ogcweleyo odibeneyo kunye ne-poplin eqhelekileyo edibeneyo, efanelekileyo kwiihempe kunye neengubo zamabakala ahlukeneyo.
(3.)Ilizwi lomqhaphu
Ngokwahlukileyo kwi-poplin, umsonto weBali unobunzima obuncinci kakhulu. Lilaphu elicacileyo elicekethekileyo neliguquguqukayo elilukiweyo elinobalo olucokisekileyo olujijekileyo (ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-60). Inokukhanya okuphezulu, ngoko ikwabizwa ngokuba "ngumsonto weglasi". Nangona umsonto we-Bali ubhityile kakhulu, wenziwa ngomsonto ocoliweyo womqhaphu odityanisiweyo kunye ne-twist eqinisiweyo, ngoko ke ilaphu liyabonakala, livakala lipholile kwaye liyalastiki, kwaye linokufunxa kakuhle ukufuma kunye nokungena.
Imisonto ye-warp kunye ne-weft yomsonto we-Balinese ingaba yimisonto enye okanye i-ply larn. Ngokwenkqubo eyahlukileyo, umsonto weglasi ubandakanya umsonto weglasi edayiwe, umsonto weglasi odityanisiweyo, umsonto weglasi oprintiweyo, umsonto odaywe ngeglasi yejacquard. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa amalaphu eempahla zasehlotyeni, njengeengubo zasehlotyeni zabasetyhini, iihempe zamadoda, iimpahla zabantwana, okanye iitshefu, iiveli, amakhethini, amalaphu efenitshala kunye nezinye iilaphu zokuhombisa.
(4.)Cambric
Imathiriyeli ekrwada yomsonto we-hemp ayiyo-hemp, kwaye ayililo ilaphu lomqhaphu elixutywe nefiber ye-hemp. Endaweni yoko, lilaphu lomqhaphu elicekethekileyo elenziwe ngomsonto ocikizekileyo womqhaphu oqiniweyo njengelaphu lokuluka kunye nelaphu elilukiweyo elilula. Umluko osisikwere otshintshiweyo, okwaziwa ngokuba yilinen enjengomluki, wenza ukuba umphezulu welaphu ubonise imivumbo ethe tye okanye imivumbo eyahlukeneyo, efana nokubonakala kwelinen; Ilaphu lilula, ligudileyo, lisicaba, licolile, licocekile, lincinci, liphefumula kwaye likhululekile, kwaye linesitayela selinen, ngoko kuthiwa "intambo yelinen". Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sombutho, izinga layo lokucutheka kwicala le-weft likhulu kunelo kwicala le-warp, ngoko kufuneka liphuculwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukongeza kwi-shrinkage yangaphambili emanzini, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwisibonelelo xa uthunga iimpahla. Umsonto weHemp uneentlobo ezininzi zokujikijelwa, ukudaya, ukuprinta, ijacquard, intambo edayiwe, njl. njl. Ilungele ukwenza ihempe zamadoda nabasetyhini, iimpahla zabantwana, iipjama, iziketi, iitshefu kunye namalaphu okuhombisa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-polyester / ikotoni, i-polyester / ilinen, i-Uygur / ikotoni kunye nezinye iintambo ezidibeneyo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimarike.
(5.)Ikhanvasi
I-Canvas luhlobo lwelaphu elishinyeneyo. Imisonto yayo ejikajikayo neyewenti yonke yenziwe ngemisonto emininzi yelaphu, edla ngokulukwa ngendlela ecacileyo. Ikwalukwe nge-weft ephindwe kabini okanye i-twill kunye ne-satin weave. Ibizwa ngokuba yi "canvas" kuba yayisetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwizikhephe. ICanvas irhabaxa kwaye iqinile, iqinile kwaye ingqindilili, yomelele kwaye ayigugi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingubo zamadoda kunye nabasetyhini basekwindla kunye nobusika, iibhatyi, iingubo zemvula okanye iibhatyi eziphantsi. Ngenxa yobunzima bomsonto obahlukeneyo, unokwahlulwa ube yilaphu erhabaxa kunye neseyile entle. Ngokubanzi, yangaphambili isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukugquma, ukuhluza, ukukhuselwa, izihlangu, oobhaka kunye nezinye iinjongo; Le yokugqibela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yempahla, ngakumbi emva kokuhlanjwa kunye nokupolisha, nto leyo eyenza i-canvas ivakale ithambile kwaye yenza kube lula ukuyinxiba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-12-2022