Ukushwabana kwelaphu kubhekiselele kwipesenti yokuncipha kwelaphu emva kokuhlanjwa okanye ukufunxwa. I-Shrinkage yinto yokuba ubude okanye ububanzi beengubo buguquka emva kokuhlamba, ukuchithwa kwamanzi, ukomisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo kwimeko ethile. Iqondo lokucutheka libandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemicu, ubume belaphu, amandla ahlukeneyo angaphandle kwiilaphu ngexesha lokusetyenzwa, njalo njalo.
Iintsinga zokwenziwa kunye namalaphu adityanisiweyo anokuncipha okuncinci, okulandelwa buboya, ilinen kunye nelaphu lomqhaphu, ngelixa amalaphu e-silika anokuncipha okukhulu, ngelixa iifiber ze-viscose, umqhaphu owenziweyo kunye nelaphu loboya obungenziweyo linokuncipha okukhulu. Ukuthetha ngeenjongo, kukho iingxaki zokuncipha kunye nokuncipha kuzo zonke iilaphu zomqhaphu, kwaye isitshixo kukugqiba ngasemva. Ke ngoko, amalaphu eengubo zasekhaya ahlala ecuthekile. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba emva kokunyangwa kwangaphambili, akuthethi ukuba akukho kuncipha, kodwa ukuba izinga lokunciphisa lilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-3% -4% yomgangatho wesizwe. Impahla yempahla, ngokukodwa izinto zempahla ye-fiber yendalo, iya kuncipha. Ngoko ke, xa sikhetha iingubo, akufanele sikhethe kuphela umgangatho, umbala kunye nomzekelo wengubo, kodwa siqonde ukucutheka kwengubo.
01.Impembelelo yefayibha kunye nokuncipha kokuluka
Emva kokuba i-fiber ngokwayo ithatha amanzi, iya kuvelisa iqondo elithile lokuvuvukala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvuvukala kwemicu yi-anisotropic (ngaphandle kwe-nylon), oko kukuthi, ubude bufutshane kwaye ububanzi buyanda. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ipesenti yomahluko wobude phakathi kwelaphu ngaphambi nasemva kwamanzi kunye nobude bayo bokuqala kuthiwa yi-shrinkage. Okona kunamandla amandla okufunxa amanzi, kokukhona ukudumba kunamandla kwaye kokukhona kucutheka kakhulu, kokukhona uzinzo olubanzi lwelaphu.
Ubude belaphu ngokwalo buhluke kubude bentambo (isilika) esetyenzisiweyo, kwaye umahluko udla ngokubonakaliswa ngokuncipha kwelaphu.
Ukuncipha kwelaphu (%) = [umsonto (isilika) ubude bomsonto - ubude belaphu] / ubude belaphu
Emva kokuba indwangu ifakwe emanzini, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwefiber ngokwayo, ubude bengubo buyancipha ngakumbi, kubangele ukuncipha. I-shrinkage yelaphu iyahluka kunye nokuncipha kwayo. I-shrinkage yelaphu iyahluka kunye nesakhiwo selaphu kunye noxinzelelo lokuluka. Uxinzelelo lwe-Weaving luncinci, ilaphu lincinci kwaye linzima, kwaye i-shrinkage inkulu, ngoko ke i-shrinkage yelaphu incinci; Ukuba i-tension yokuluka inkulu, i-cloth iya kukhululeka kwaye ilula, i-shrinkage yelaphu iya kuba yincinci, kwaye i-shrinkage yengubo iya kuba nkulu. Kwinkqubo yokudaya kunye nokugqiba, ukuze kuncitshiswe i-shrinkage yeempahla, ukugqitywa kwangaphambili kudla ngokusetyenziselwa ukunyusa i-weft density kunye nokuphucula i-shrinkage kwangaphambili, ukuze kuncitshiswe i-shrinkage yempahla.
02.Izinto ezibangela ukushwabana
① Xa ifayibha ijikeleza, okanye umsonto ulukwa, udaya kwaye ugqiba, umsonto welaphu woluliwe okanye ukhubazeke ngamandla angaphandle, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, umsonto kunye nolwakhiwo lwelaphu luvelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Kwimeko yokuphumla emileyo emileyo, okanye imeko yokuphumla emanzi estatic, okanye imo yokuphumla emanzi, imo yokuphumla ngokupheleleyo, ukukhutshwa koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo, ukuze umsonto kunye nelaphu libuyele kwimeko yokuqala.
② Iifayibha ezahlukeneyo kunye neendwangu zazo zineedigri ezinciphayo ezahlukeneyo, ezixhomekeke ikakhulu kwiimpawu zemicu yazo - iifiber ze-hydrophilic zinezinga elikhulu lokunciphisa, njengekotoni, i-hemp, i-viscose kunye nezinye iifayili; Iintsinga zeHydrophobic zinokucutheka okuncinci, njengemicu yokwenziwa.
③ Xa ifayibha ikwimeko emanzi, iya kudumba phantsi kwesenzo solwelo olumanzi, oluya kwandisa idiameter yefiber. Umzekelo, kwilaphu, iya kunyanzela iradiyasi yefiber curvature yendawo yokuluka yelaphu ukuba inyuke, okukhokelela ekufinyezweni kobude belaphu. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-cotton fiber yandiswa phantsi kwesenzo samanzi, indawo ye-cross-sectional iyanda nge-40 ~ 50% kwaye ubude bunyuka nge-1 ~ 2%, ngelixa i-fiber synthetic ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-5% yokunciphisa i-thermal, njengokubilisa. ukucutheka kwamanzi.
④ Xa i-fiber ye-textile ishushu, imilo kunye nobukhulu be-fiber iyatshintsha kunye nekhontrakthi, kwaye ayinakubuyela kwimeko yokuqala emva kokupholisa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-fiber thermal shrinkage. Ipesenti yobude phambi nasemva kokushwabana kwe-thermal ibizwa ngokuba yireyithi yokucutha kwe-thermal, ebonakaliswa ngokubanzi ngepesenti yobude be-fiber shrinkage emanzini abilayo kwi-100 ℃; Indlela yomoya oshushu ikwasetyenziswa ukulinganisa ipesenti yokushwabana kumoya oshushu ngaphezu kwe-100 ℃, kwaye indlela yomphunga ikwasetyenziswa ukulinganisa ipesenti yokushwabana komphunga ngaphezu kwe-100 ℃. Ukusebenza kweefayili kukwahluke phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, ubushushu bokufudumala kunye nexesha. Ngokomzekelo, i-shrinkage yamanzi abilayo ye-polyester staple fiber esetyenzisiweyo yi-1%, i-shrinkage yamanzi abilayo ye-vinylon yi-5%, kwaye i-air shrinkage ye-nylon yi-50%. Iifayibha zinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokulungiswa kwempahla kunye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional yelaphu, ebonelela ngesiseko esithile soyilo lweenkqubo ezilandelayo.
03.Ukuncipha kwamalaphu ngokubanzi
Umqhaphu 4% – 10%;
I-Chemical fiber 4% - 8%;
Ipholiyesta yomqhaphu 3.5%–5 5%;
I-3% yengubo emhlophe yendalo;
I-3-4% yengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yoboya;
I-Poplin yi-3-4.5%;
I-3-3.5% ye-calico;
4% kwilaphu letwill;
I-10% yelaphu lomsebenzi;
Umqhaphu owenziweyo yi-10%.
04.Izizathu ezichaphazela ukushwabana
1. Imathiriyeli ekrwada
I-shrinkage yamalaphu iyahluka kunye nezinto eziluhlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifayibha ezine-hygroscopicity ephezulu ziya kwanda, zande ububanzi, zifinyeze ubude, kwaye zibe ne-shrinkage enkulu emva kokucwina. Umzekelo, ezinye iifiber ze-viscose zine-13% yokufunxa amanzi, ngelixa amalaphu e-synthetic fiber anokufunxa kakubi kwamanzi, kwaye ukuncipha kwawo kuncinci.
2. Ukuxinana
I-shrinkage yelaphu iyahluka kunye nobuninzi babo. Ukuba i-longitude kunye ne-latitude density ziyafana, i-longitude kunye ne-latitude shrinkage nayo isondele. Amalaphu anoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-warp anokuncipha okukhulu kwe-warp. Ngokuchaseneyo, amalaphu anoxinano olukhulu lweweft kunoxinzelelo lwe-warp anokuncipha okukhulu kwe-weft.
3. Ukutyeba komsonto
Ukushwabana kwamalaphu kuyahluka ngokobalo lwemisonto. Ukushwabana kwelaphu elinenani elirhabaxa kukhulu, kwaye elo laphu elinobalo olucolekileyo lincinci.
4. Inkqubo yokuvelisa
I-shrinkage yamalaphu iyahluka kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwinkqubo yokuluka kunye nokudaya kunye nokugqiba, i-fiber kufuneka yolulwe amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye ixesha lokucubungula lide. Indwangu ene-tension enkulu esetyenzisiweyo ine-shrinkage enkulu, kunye ne-vice versa.
5. Ukuqulunqwa kweFayibha
Xa kuthelekiswa neentsinga zokwenziwa (ezifana nepolyester kunye ne-acrylic), iintsinga zezityalo zendalo (ezifana nomqhaphu kunye ne-hemp) kunye neentsinga ezihlaziyiweyo zezityalo (ezifana ne-viscose) kulula ukufunxa ukufuma kunye nokwandisa, ngoko ke ukushwabana kukhulu, ngelixa uboya kulula ivakala ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwesikali kumphezulu wefiber, echaphazela ukuzinza kwayo.
6. Ubume belaphu
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional ye-laphu ephothiweyo kungcono kuneendwangu ezinithiweyo; Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional of high-density fabrics kungcono kuneendwangu eziphantsi. Kwiimpahla ezilukiweyo, ukucutheka kweendwangu ezicacileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuncinci kuneendwangu zeflaneli; Kwilaphu elinithiweyo, ukushwabana komthungo ocacileyo kuncinci kuneendwangu zembambo.
7. Inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokucubungula
Ngenxa yokuba ilaphu liya kunwenwa ngumatshini kwinkqubo yokudaya, ukuprinta kunye nokugqiba, kukho ukuxinana kwelaphu. Nangona kunjalo, ilaphu kulula ukukhulula uxinzelelo emva kokudibana namanzi, ngoko siya kufumanisa ukuba ilaphu liyancipha emva kokuhlamba. Kweyona nkqubo, siqhele ukusebenzisa i-pre shrinkage ukusombulula le ngxaki.
8. Inkqubo yokunyamekela yokuhlamba
Ukunyamekela ukuhlamba kubandakanya ukuhlamba, ukomisa kunye noku-ayina. Inyathelo ngalinye kula mathathu liya kuchaphazela ukucutheka kwelaphu. Umzekelo, uzinzo lwedimensional lweesampulu ezihlanjwe ngesandla lungcono kunesampulu ezihlanjwe ngoomatshini, kwaye ubushushu bokuhlamba buya kuchaphazela uzinzo lwalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, okukhona iqondo lobushushu liphezulu, kokukhona kuzinza. Indlela yokomisa yesampuli nayo inempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni kwelaphu.
Iindlela zokomisa ezixhaphakileyo kukuvuza ukuvuza, ukomisa ngentsimbi, ukomisa okujingayo kunye nokomisa igubu elijikelezayo. Indlela yokomisa ithontsi ineyona mpembelelo incinci kubungakanani belaphu, ngelixa indlela yokomisa i-arch ejikelezayo inefuthe elikhulu kubungakanani belaphu, kwaye ezinye ezimbini ziphakathi.
Ukongeza, ukukhetha ubushushu obufanelekileyo be-ironing ngokwendlela yokubunjwa kwelaphu kunokuphucula ukucutheka kwelaphu. Ngokomzekelo, amalaphu ekotoni kunye nelinen anokuthi afakwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kuphuculwe i-dimensional shrinkage. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lokushisa liphezulu, lingcono. Kwimicu yokwenziwa, i-ironing yobushushu obuphezulu ayinakuphucula ukucutheka kwayo, kodwa iya kuwonakalisa ukusebenza kwayo, njengamalaphu aqinileyo kunye nama-brittle.
——————————————————————————————————-Ukusuka kwiKlasi yeFabric
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-05-2022