I-Cellulose Acetate, i-CA ngokufutshane.I-Cellulose Acetate luhlobo lwefiber eyenziwe ngumntu, eyahlula kwi-diacetate fiber kunye ne-triacetate fiber. Ifiber yekhemikhali yenziwe ngeselulosi, eguqulwa ibe yi-cellulose acetate ngendlela yemichiza. Yaqala ukulungiswa ngo-1865 njenge-cellulose acetate. I-resin ye-thermoplastic efunyenwe nge-esterification ye-cellulose nge-acetic acid okanye i-acetic anhydride phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst. Yipolymer yendalo eguqulwe ngokwekhemikhali efunyenwe nge-esterification ye-hydroxyl kwiimolekyuli ze-cellulose ezine-acetic acid. Ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-acetylation.

01. Ukuhlelwa kwe-CA

I-cellulose inokwahlulwa ibe yifayibha ye-diacetate kunye nefiber ye-triacetate ngokwenqanaba lokutshintshwa kwe-hydroxy ngeqela le-acetyl.

I-Diacetic acid yenziwa emva kwe-hydrolysis yenxenye yohlobo lwe-acetate, kwaye idigri yayo ye-esterification ingaphantsi kunohlobo lwe-acetate ye-III. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kokufudumeza kuphantsi kunoko kweviniga emithathu, ukusebenza kokudaya kungcono kunaleyo yeviniga emithathu, kwaye izinga lokufunxa ukufuma liphezulu kunelo leviniga emithathu.

I-asidi ye-Triacetic luhlobo lwe-acetate enezinga eliphezulu le-esterification ngaphandle kwe-hydrolysis. Ke ngoko, inokumelana nokukhanya okuqinileyo kunye nobushushu, ukusebenza kakubi kokudaya kunye nokufunxa okuphantsi kokufuma (okukwabizwa ngokuba kukubuyiswa kokufuma).

Kwisakhiwo se-molecular of acetate fiber, iqela le-hydroxyl kwi-cellulose glucose ring lithatyathelwa indawo liqela le-acetyl ukwenza i-ester bond. Iqondo le-esterification lefiber ye-diacetate lingaphantsi kunelo le-triacetate fiber ngenxa ye-hydrolysis. I-diacetate fiber inendawo enkulu ye-amorphous kwisakhiwo se-supramolecular, ngelixa i-fiber ye-triacetate inesakhiwo esithile se-crystalline, kunye ne-symmetry, rhoqo kunye ne-crystallinity ye-fiber macromolecules iphezulu kune-diacetate fiber.

02. Iipropati ze-acetate fiber

Iimpawu zeMichiza

1. Ukuxhathisa kwealkali

I-agent ye-alkali ebuthakathaka ayizange ibangele umonakalo kwifiber ye-acetate, kwaye izinga lokulahlekelwa kwesisindo sefiber lalincinci kakhulu. Emva kokudibana ne-alkali eyomeleleyo, ngakumbi i-diacetate fiber, kulula ukwenza i-deacetylate, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ubunzima, amandla kunye nemodulus nayo iyancipha. Ngoko ke, ixabiso le-pH lesisombululo sokunyanga i-acetate fiber akufanele idlule i-7.0. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokuhlamba, inokumelana ne-chlorine bleaching eqinile, kwaye inokomisa icocwe nge-tetrachlorethylene.

2. Ukumelana ne-organic solvents

I-cellulose acetate ichithwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-acetone, i-DMF kunye ne-glacial acetic acid, kodwa kungekhona kwi-ethanol kunye ne-tetrachlorethylene. Ngokwale mpawu, i-acetone ingasetyenziselwa njenge-solvent ejikelezayo ye-acetate fiber, kwaye i-tetrachlorethylene ingasetyenziselwa ukucocwa okomileyo kweendwangu ze-acetate fiber.

3. Ukumelana ne-Acid

I-CA inozinzo oluhle lokumelana ne-asidi. I-asidi ye-sulfuric eqhelekileyo, i-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-nitric acid ayiyi kuchaphazela amandla, i-luster kunye nokwandiswa kwefiber ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile loxinaniso; Kodwa inokunyibilika kwi-asidi yesulfuric egxininisiweyo, i-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-nitric acid.

4. Ukudaya

Nangona iifiber ze-acetate ziphuma kwi-cellulose, inxalenye enkulu yamaqela e-polar hydroxyl kwiringi ye-glucose ye-cellulose ithathelwa indawo ngamaqela e-acetyl ukwenza ii-esters ngexesha le-esterification. Ke ngoko, iidayi ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ukudaya iintsinga zeselulosi phantse azinanto yakwenza neacetate fibers kwaye kunzima ukuzidaya. Iidayi ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwifiber ye-acetate ziidayi ezisezantsi ezinobunzima bemolekyuli kunye namazinga afanayo okuthathwa kwedayi.

Ifayibha ye-acetate okanye ilaphu elidaywe ngeedayi ezisasazekileyo linombala oqaqambileyo, isiphumo esilungileyo somgangatho, izinga lokufunxa idayi ephezulu, ukukhawuleza kombala ophezulu kunye nechromatography epheleleyo.

impahla ebonakalayo

1. I-CA ayinayo kuphela i-absorption ethile yamanzi, kodwa inendawo yokususwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokufunxa kwamanzi.

2. Ukuzinza kwe-thermal ye-acetate fiber kulungile. Ubushushu beglasi benguqu yefiber bumalunga ne-185 ℃, kwaye ubushushu bokunyibilika bumalunga ne-310 ℃. Ekupheleni kokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, izinga lokulahlekelwa kwesisindo sefiber yi-90.78%; Amandla okuphula i-acetate fiber yi-1.29 cN / dtex, ngelixa ubunzima be-31.44%.

3. Ubuninzi be-CA buncinci kune-fiber ye-viscose, ekufutshane ne-polyester fiber; Amandla ngowona asezantsi kwimicu emithathu.

4. I-CA ine-elasticity elungileyo, efana nesilika kunye noboya

5. Ukuncipha kwamanzi abilayo kuphantsi, kodwa unyango lobushushu obuphezulu luya kuchaphazela amandla kunye nokuqaqamba kwefiber, ngoko ke ubushushu akufunekanga budlule kwi-85 ℃

Izinto eziluncedo zeCellulose Acetate

I-1.Ifayibha ye-Diacetate ine-air permeability efanelekileyo kunye nepropathi echasene ne-static

Kwimeko-bume enokufuma okumalunga ne-65%, i-diacetate inokufunxa ukufuma okufanayo njengomqhaphu, kwaye inomsebenzi ongcono wokomisa ngokukhawuleza kunomqhaphu, ngoko inokufunxa kakuhle umphunga wamanzi okhutshwe ngumzimba womntu kwaye uwukhuphe ngaxeshanye. Ukuze abantu bazive bekhululekile. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kakuhle ukufunxa ukufuma kunokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kombane ongatshintshiyo, okungekho lula ukuvelisa umbane ongatshintshiyo.

2. Ifiber yeDiacetate inochuku oluthambileyo

I-modulus yokuqala iphantsi, kwaye i-fiber ibuthathaka kwaye iguquguqukayo phantsi kwesenzo somthwalo omncinci, ebonisa umlingiswa othambileyo, ngoko ulusu lunemvakalelo epholileyo kunye nekhululekile. Kodwa ukuba imodyuli yokuqala iphantsi kakhulu, iya kuba buthathaka.

I-modulus yokuqala iphezulu, kwaye i-fiber iqinile kwaye akulula ukugoba phantsi kwesenzo somthwalo omncinci, obonisa umlingiswa onzima.

3. Ifiber yeDiacetate inomsebenzi obalaseleyo wokukhupha ivumba

Kutheni ilaphu leacetate linenkangeleko entle?

1. Ifiber yeDiacetate inobuhle obuthambileyo njengeperile

Icandelo lomnqamlezo wesilika ye-mulberry ngunxantathu ongaqhelekanga, kwaye icandelo lomnqamlezo we-acetate fiber i-concave convex engaqhelekanga. Zombini zinemigca yobude kumacandelo azo obude, zenza ukukhanya kwazo okunqamlezileyo kusasazeke kunye nokukhanya kobude busasazeke. Isalathisi se-refractive siphantsi, i-1.48. Ke isilika ye-mulberry kwaye inikezela ngokukhazimla okuthambileyo njengeperile.

2. I-Cellulose Acetate ine-drapability egqwesileyo

I-modulus yokuqala yefiber yi-30-45cn/dtex, ubungqongqo bubuthathaka, icandelo lomnqamlezo liyiconvex engaqhelekanga, ilaphu lithambile, kwaye imvakalelo yokutsalwa ilungile.

3. Ifiber yeDiacetate inemibala eqaqambileyo kunye nokukhawuleza kombala

Umbala wefayibha ye-acetate, ichromatography epheleleyo, umbala ogcweleyo nosulungekileyo, ukukhawuleza kombala obalaseleyo.

4. Ifayibha ye-acetate inozinzo oluhle lwe-dimensional

Ifayibha yeviniga inokwandiswa okuphantsi emanzini, ngoko ke inozinzo oluhle lomda emva kokuba yenziwe ilaphu ukugcina ubuhle bempahla.

5. Ifayibha ye-Diacetate inepropathi elungelelanisiweyo yokunqanda ukungcola

Ukungcola ngothuli, amanzi kunye neoli, akulula ukungcoliswa kwaye kulula ukuyicoca