Ukuphuzi, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi "ophuzi", kubhekisela esenzweni sokuthi ubuso bezinto ezimhlophe noma ezinemibala ekhanyayo buphenduka buphuzi ngaphansi kwesenzo sezimo zangaphandle ezifana nokukhanya, ukushisa namakhemikhali.Lapho izindwangu ezimhlophe nezidayiwe ziba phuzi, ukubukeka kwazo kuzolimala futhi impilo yazo yesevisi izoncipha kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo ngezimbangela zokuphuzi kwezindwangu kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuphuzi kube ngesinye sezihloko ezishisayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Izindwangu ezinemibala emhlophe noma ekhanyayo enayiloni ne-elastic fiber kanye nezindwangu zazo ezihlanganisiwe zivame ukuphuzi.Ukuphuzi kungase kwenzeke ohlelweni lokudaya nokuqeda, kungase kwenzeke endaweni yokugcina noma ilenga efasiteleni lesitolo, noma ngisho nasekhaya.Kunezizathu eziningi ezingabangela ukuphuzi.Isibonelo, i-fiber ngokwayo ijwayele ukuphuzi (okuhlobene nezinto ezibonakalayo), noma amakhemikhali asetshenziswa endwangu, njengensalela yamafutha kanye ne-ejenti yokuthambisa (okuhlobene namakhemikhali).
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaziya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka ukwazi imbangela ye-yellowing, indlela yokusetha izimo zokucubungula, yiziphi amakhemikhali okufanele zisetshenziswe noma yiziphi amakhemikhali angasetshenziswa, futhi yiziphi izici ezizobangela ukusebenzisana kwe-yellowing, kanye nokupakishwa nokugcinwa. zezindwangu.
Sigxila kakhulu ekushiseni okuphezulu nokushisa okuphuzi kwenayiloni, i-polyester fiber kanye nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiber elastic, njenge-Lycra, i-dorlastan, i-spandex, njll.
Izimbangela zokuphuzi kwendwangu
Ukufiphala kwegesi:
——NOx flue gas yomshini wokulinganisa
——NOx flue gas ngesikhathi sokugcina
——Ukuchayeka kwe-ozone
Izinga lokushisa:
——Ukusetha ukushisa okuphezulu
——Ukushisa okuphezulu kuyafa
——I-Softener kanye nokwelashwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Ukupakisha&Isitoreji:
——Phenol kanye ne-amine ehlobene nokukhanya kwelanga okuphuzi (ukukhanya):
——Ukufiphala kodayi kanye ne-fluorescein
——Ukuwohloka kwemicu
Ama-micro-organisms:
——Ilinyazwe amagciwane nesikhunta
Izinhlobonhlobo:
——Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-softener ne-fluorescein
Ukuhlaziywa komthombo kwezinkinga kanye Nezinyathelo Zokulwa
Umshini wokusetha
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zemishini yokusetha esetshenziswa embonini yendwangu, kuhlanganise naleyo eshiswa ngokuqondile igesi evuthayo namafutha noma eshiswa ngokungaqondile ngamafutha ashisayo.Ithuba lokubumba lokushisa komlilo lizokhiqiza i-NOx eyingozi kakhulu, ngoba umoya oshisayo uthintana ngqo negesi evuthayo namafutha kaphethiloli;Ngenkathi umshini wokusetha oshisayo ngamafutha ashisayo ungahlanganisi igesi evuthayo nomoya oshisayo osetshenziselwa ukusetha indwangu.
Ukuze ugweme i-NOx eyeqile ekhiqizwa umshini wokusetha ukushisa okuqondile phakathi nenqubo yokumisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ngokuvamile singasebenzisa i-spanscor yethu ukuyisusa.
Ukufiphala kwentuthu nokugcinwa
Eminye imicu nezinye izinto zokupakisha, njengepulasitiki, igwebu kanye nephepha eligaywe kabusha, zengezwa nama-phenolic antioxidants ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwalezi zinto ezisizayo, njenge-BHT (i-butylated hydrogen toluene).Lawa ma-antioxidants azosabela ngentuthu ye-NOx ezitolo nasezindaweni zokugcina impahla, futhi lezi zintuthu ze-NOx zivela ekungcoleni komoya (okuhlanganisa nokungcoliswa komoya okubangelwa ukugcwala kwezimoto, isibonelo).
Singakwazi: okokuqala, sigweme ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokupakisha eziqukethe i-BHT;okwesibili, yenza inani le-pH lendwangu libe ngaphansi kuka-6 (i-fiber ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-asidi ingathathi hlangothi), engagwema le nkinga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwe-anti phenol yellowing kwenziwa ekudayeni nasekuqedeni inqubo ukuze kugwenywe inkinga ye-phenol yellowing.
I-ozone iyancipha
Ukufiphala kwe-ozone kwenzeka ikakhulukazi embonini yezingubo, ngoba ezinye izinto ezithambisayo zizobangela ukuphuzi kwendwangu ngenxa ye-ozone.Izithambisi ezikhethekile ze-anti ozone zinganciphisa le nkinga.
Ikakhulukazi, izinto ezithambisa i-cationic amino aliphatic nezinye izinto ezithambisa i-amine ezilungiswe i-amine (okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu) zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni okuphezulu kwe-oxidation, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuphuzi.Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezithambisayo kanye nemiphumela yokugcina edingekayo kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela ngezimo zokumisa nokuqeda ukuze kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kokuphuzi.
izinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Uma indwangu ivezwa ekushiseni okuphezulu, izophenduka ibephuzi ngenxa ye-oxidation ye-fiber, i-fiber kanye ne-lubricant ejikelezayo, nendwangu engcolile ku-fiber.Ezinye izinkinga eziphuzi zingase zenzeke lapho ucindezela izindwangu ze-fiber zokwenziwa, ikakhulukazi izingubo zangaphansi zabesifazane eziseduze (njenge-PA / El bras).Eminye imikhiqizo ye-anti yellowing iwusizo olukhulu ukunqoba izinkinga ezinjalo.
Ukupakisha impahla
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwegesi equkethe i-nitrogen oxide kanye nokuphuzi ngesikhathi sokulondoloza kufakazelwe.Indlela yendabuko ukulungisa inani le-pH lokugcina lendwangu phakathi kuka-5.5 no-6.0, ngoba ukuphuzi ngesikhathi sokulondoloza kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezingathathi hlangothi nezine-alkaline.Ukuphuzi okunjalo kungaqinisekiswa ngokugeza nge-asidi ngoba nje ukuphuzi kuzonyamalala ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-asidi.I-Anti phenol yellowing yezinkampani ezifana ne-Clariant ne-Tona ingavimbela ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwe-phenol yellowing egciniwe.
Lokhu kubaphuzi kubangelwa ikakhulukazi inhlanganisela ye-phenol equkethe izinto ezifana ne-(BHT) ne-NOx ekungcoleni komoya ukuze kukhiqizwe izinto eziphuzi.I-BHT ingase ibe khona ezikhwameni zepulasitiki, amabhokisi amaphepha agaywe kabusha, iglue, njll. izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingenayo i-BHT zingasetshenziswa ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga ezinjalo.
ukukhanya kwelanga
Ngokuvamile, i-fluorescent whitening agents inokushesha okuphansi kokukhanya.Uma izindwangu ezimhlophe ze-fluorescent zichayeka elangeni isikhathi eside, zizophenduka zibe phuzi kancane kancane.Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-agent amhlophe e-fluorescent anokukhanya okuphezulu okusheshayo kwezindwangu ezinezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu.Ukukhanya kwelanga, njengomthombo wamandla, kuzokwehlisa i-fiber;Ingilazi ayikwazi ukuhlunga yonke imisebe ye-ultraviolet (amaza okukhanya kuphela angaphansi kuka-320 nm angahlungwa).Inayiloni iyifayibha ejwayele ukuphuzi, ikakhulukazi i-semi gloss noma i-matte fiber equkethe umbala.Lolu hlobo lwe-photooxidation luzobangela ukuphuzi nokulahlekelwa amandla.Uma ifayibha inomswakama ophezulu, inkinga izoba nkulu kakhulu.
i-microorganism
Isikhunta namagciwane nakho kungabangela indwangu ibe phuzi, ngisho nokungcola okunsundu noma okumnyama.Isikhunta namagciwane kudinga imisoco ukuze kukhule, njengamakhemikhali aphilayo asele (njengama-organic acid, ama-level agents, nama-surfactants) endwangu.Indawo enomswakama kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile kuzosheshisa ukukhula kwama-microorganisms.
Ezinye izizathu
Izithambisa ze-Cationic zizosebenzisana nezikhanyisi ze-anionic fluorescent ukuze kuncishiswe ubumhlophe bezindwangu.Izinga lokunciphisa lihlobene nohlobo lwesithambisa nethuba lokuxhumana nama-athomu e-nitrogen.Umthelela wenani le-pH nawo ubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa izimo ze-asidi ezinamandla kufanele zigwenywe.Uma i-pH yendwangu iphansi kune-pH 5.0, i-hue ye-agent emhlophe e-fluorescent nayo izoba luhlaza.Uma indwangu kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-asidi ukugwema ukuphuzi kwe-phenol, kufanele kukhethwe isibani esikhanyayo se-fluorescent.
I-Phenol yellowing test (indlela ye-aidida)
Kunezizathu eziningi ze-phenol yellowing, phakathi kwazo isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu i-antioxidant esetshenziswa ezintweni zokupakisha.Ezimweni eziningi, ama-phenolic compounds (BHT) avinjelwe asetshenziswa njenge-antioxidant yezinto zokupakisha.Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa, i-BHT kanye nama-nitrogen oxides asemoyeni azokwakha i-methide ephuzi engu-2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-quinone, okungesinye sezizathu okungenzeka kakhulu zokuthi isitoreji sibe phuzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-31-2022