Ukuncipha kwendwangu kubhekisela kumaphesenti okuncipha kwendwangu ngemva kokuwashwa noma ukucwiliswa emanzini. I-Shrinkage yinto yokuthi ubude noma ububanzi bezindwangu bushintsha ngemva kokugeza, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukoma nezinye izinqubo esimweni esithile. Izinga le-shrinkage libandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukene zemicu, ukwakheka kwezindwangu, amandla angaphandle ahlukene ezindwangu ngesikhathi sokucubungula, njalonjalo.
Izintambo zokwenziwa kanye nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe zine-shrinkage encane kakhulu, elandelwa uboya, ilineni kanye nezindwangu zekotini, kuyilapho izindwangu zesilika zine-shrinkage enkulu, kuyilapho imicu ye-viscose, ukotini wokufakelwa kanye nezindwangu zoboya zokwenziwa zine-shrinkage enkulu kakhulu. Uma sikhuluma ngomgomo, kunezinkinga zokushwabana nokufiphala kuzo zonke izindwangu zikakotini, futhi ukhiye wukuqeda emuva. Ngakho-ke, izindwangu zezindwangu zasekhaya ngokuvamile ziyancipha. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngemuva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili kwe-shrinkage, akusho ukuthi akukho ukuncipha, kodwa ukuthi izinga lokuncipha lilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-3% -4% yezinga likazwelonke. Izinto zokugqoka, ikakhulukazi izinto zokugqoka ze-fiber yemvelo, zizoncipha. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhetha izingubo, akufanele sikhethe kuphela ikhwalithi, umbala kanye nephethini yendwangu, kodwa futhi siqonde ukuncipha kwendwangu.
01.Ithonya le-fiber kanye nokuncipha kokweluka
Ngemva kokuba i-fiber ngokwayo imunca amanzi, izoveza izinga elithile lokuvuvukala. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala kwezintambo kuyi-anisotropic (ngaphandle kwe-nylon), okungukuthi, ubude bufinyeziwe futhi ububanzi buyanda. Ngokuvamile, iphesenti lomehluko wobude phakathi kwendwangu ngaphambi nangemuva kwamanzi kanye nobude bayo bangempela kuthiwa yi-shrinkage. Lapho umthamo wokumunca amanzi unamandla, ukuvuvukala kunamandla futhi kukhuphuka ukuncipha, kuba kubi nakakhulu ukuzinza kwendwangu.
Ubude bendwangu ngokwayo buhlukile ubude bentambo (isilikhi) esetshenzisiwe, futhi umehluko uvame ukuvezwa ngokuncipha kwendwangu.
Ukuncipha kwendwangu (%) = [intambo (usilika) ubude bentambo - ubude bendwangu] / ubude bendwangu
Ngemuva kokuthi indwangu ifakwe emanzini, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-fiber ngokwayo, ubude bendwangu bubuye bufinyezwe, okuholela ekunciphiseni. Ukuncipha kwendwangu kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuncipha kwayo. I-shrinkage yendwangu iyahlukahluka ngesakhiwo sendwangu kanye nokungezwani kokweluka. Ukungezwani kokweluka kuncane, indwangu ihlangene futhi iminyene, futhi i-shrinkage inkulu, ngakho-ke ukuncipha kwendwangu kuncane; Uma ukungezwani kokweluka kukhulu, indwangu izobe ikhululekile futhi ilula, i-shrinkage yendwangu izoba yincane, futhi ukuncipha kwendwangu kuyoba kukhulu. Enkambweni yokudaya nokuqeda, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuncipha kwezindwangu, ukuqedwa kwe-preshrinking kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwandisa umthamo we-weft nokuthuthukisa ukuncipha kusengaphambili, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuncipha kwezindwangu.
02.Izimbangela zokushwabana
① Uma i-fiber iphotha, noma intambo iluka, idaya futhi iqedwa, intambo yentambo engutsheni iyanwetshwa noma ikhubazwe amandla angaphandle, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, intambo yentambo kanye nesakhiwo sendwangu kukhiqiza ingcindezi yangaphakathi. Esimeni sokuphumula esomile esimile, noma isimo sokuphumula esimanzi esimile, noma isimo sokuphumula esimanzi esiguqukayo, isimo sokuphumula esigcwele, ukukhululwa kwengcindezi yangaphakathi ngamazinga ahlukahlukene, ukuze i-fiber yentambo nendwangu kubuyele esimweni sokuqala.
② Imicu ehlukene nezindwangu zayo zineziqu ezihlukene zokushwabana, okuncike kakhulu ezicini zemicu yazo - imicu ye-hydrophilic inezinga elikhulu lokuncipha, njengekotini, i-hemp, i-viscose neminye imicu; Imicu ye-Hydrophobic inokuncipha okuncane, njengemicu yokwenziwa.
③ Uma i-fiber isesimweni esimanzi, izovuvukala ngaphansi kwesenzo soketshezi olucwiliswayo, okuzokwandisa ububanzi befiber. Isibonelo, endwangu, izophoqa i-fiber curvature radius yephuzu lokuluka lendwangu ukuthi ikhule, okuholela ekufinyezweni kobude bendwangu. Isibonelo, lapho i-fiber kakotini inwetshwa ngaphansi kwesenzo samanzi, indawo ephambanayo inyuka ngo-40 ~ 50% futhi ubude bukhuphuka ngo-1-2%, kuyilapho i-synthetic fiber ngokuvamile icishe ibe ngu-5% yokushwabana okushisayo, njengokubilisa. ukuncipha kwamanzi.
④ Uma ifayibha yendwangu ishiselwa, umumo nosayizi wefayibha iyashintsha futhi inkontileka, futhi ayikwazi ukubuyela esimweni sokuqala ngemva kokupholisa, okubizwa ngokuthi i-fiber thermal shrinkage. Iphesenti lobude ngaphambi nangemuva kokuncipha kokushisa kubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokuncipha okushisayo, ngokuvamile elivezwa ngephesenti lokushwabana kobude befayibha emanzini abilayo ku-100 ℃; Indlela yomoya oshisayo iphinde isetshenziselwe ukukala iphesenti lokushwabana emoyeni oshisayo ngaphezu kuka-100 ℃, futhi indlela yesitimu iphinde isetshenziselwe ukukala iphesenti lokushwabana kwesitimu ngaphezu kuka-100 ℃. Ukusebenza kwemicu kubuye kuhluke ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene ezifana nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nesikhathi. Isibonelo, ukuncipha kwamanzi abilayo e-polyester staple fiber egayiwe ngu-1%, ukushwabana kwamanzi abilayo e-vinylon kungu-5%, kanti ukushwabana komoya oshisayo kwenayiloni kungu-50%. Amafiber ahlobene eduze nokucubungula kwendwangu kanye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional kwezindwangu, okunikeza isisekelo esithile sokuklanywa kwezinqubo ezilandelayo.
03.Ukuncipha kwezindwangu ezijwayelekile
Ukotini 4% - 10%;
I-Chemical fiber 4% - 8%;
I-polyester kakotini 3.5% -5 5%;
I-3% yendwangu emhlophe yemvelo;
I-3-4% yendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yoboya;
I-Poplin yi-3-4.5%;
I-3-3.5% ye-calico;
4% wendwangu ye-twill;
I-10% yendwangu yomsebenzi;
Ikotini yokwenziwa ingu-10%.
04.Izizathu ezithinta ukushwabana
1. Izinto zokusetshenziswa
Ukuncipha kwezindwangu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngokuvamile, imicu ene-hygroscopicity ephezulu izokhula, ikhule ngobubanzi, ibe mfushane ngobude, futhi ibe nokuncipha okukhulu ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini. Isibonelo, eminye imicu ye-viscose imunca amanzi ngo-13%, kuyilapho izindwangu zokwenziwa ze-fiber zingamuncwa kahle amanzi, futhi ukushwabana kwazo kuncane.
2. Ukuminyana
Ukuncipha kwezindwangu kuyahlukahluka ngobuningi bazo. Uma ukuminyana kwe-longitude ne-latitude kufana, ukuncipha kwe-longitude ne-latitude nakho kuseduze. Izindwangu ezinokuqina okuphezulu kwe-warp zinokuncipha okukhulu. Ngokuphambene, izindwangu ezinokuminyana okukhulu kwe-weft kunokuminyana kwe-warp zinokuncipha okukhulu kwe-weft.
3. Ukuqina kwentambo
Ukuncipha kwezindwangu kuyehluka ngokubalwa kwentambo. Ukushwabana kwendwangu enezibalo ezimahhadla kukhulu, futhi lokho kwendwangu enesibalo esihle kuncane.
4. Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukuncipha kwezindwangu kuyahlukahluka ngezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. Ngokuvamile, ohlelweni lokuluka nokudaya nokuqeda, i-fiber idinga ukwelulwa izikhathi eziningi, futhi isikhathi sokucubungula side. Indwangu ene-tension enkulu esetshenzisiwe ine-shrinkage enkulu, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
5. Ukwakheka kwe-fiber
Uma kuqhathaniswa nemicu yokwenziwa (njenge-polyester ne-acrylic), imicu yezitshalo yemvelo (njengokotini ne-hemp) nemicu evuselelwe kabusha yezitshalo (njenge-viscose) kulula ukumunca umswakama futhi yandise, ngakho-ke ukushwabana kukhulu, kuyilapho uvolo kulula izwakale ngenxa yesakhiwo sesikali endaweni yefayibha, okuthinta ukuzinza kwayo kwe-dimensional.
6. Isakhiwo sendwangu
Ngokuvamile, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwezindwangu ezilukiwe kungcono kunezindwangu eziphothiwe; Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwezindwangu eziphakeme kakhulu kungcono kunezindwangu eziphansi. Ezindwangu ezilukiwe, ukuncipha kwezindwangu ezingenalutho ngokuvamile kuncane kunezindwangu ze-flannel; Ezindwangu ezilukiwe, ukushwabana komthungo osobala kuncane kunokwendwangu yezimbambo.
7. Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokucubungula
Ngenxa yokuthi indwangu izokwelulwa nakanjani ngumshini ohlelweni lokudaya, ukuphrinta nokuqeda, kukhona ukungezwani kwendwangu. Kodwa-ke, indwangu kulula ukukhulula ukungezwani ngemva kokuhlangana namanzi, ngakho-ke sizothola ukuthi indwangu iyancipha ngemva kokugeza. Enqubweni yangempela, sivame ukusebenzisa i-pre shrinkage ukuxazulula le nkinga.
8. Ukugeza inqubo yokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela ukuwasha kuhlanganisa ukuwasha, ukomisa noku-ayina. Ngasinye salezi zinyathelo ezintathu sizothinta ukushwabana kwendwangu. Isibonelo, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwamasampuli ageza izandla kungcono kunamasampuli awashwe ngomshini, futhi izinga lokushisa lokugeza lizophinde lithinte ukuqina kwayo kobukhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa liphakeme, ukuzinza kubi kakhulu. Indlela yokomisa yesampula nayo inethonya elikhulu ekuncipheni kwendwangu.
Izindlela zokomisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu wukomisa ukuconsa, ukufaka amathayela anezikhala zensimbi, ukomisa okulengayo kanye nokomisa izigubhu ezijikelezayo. Indlela yokomisa econsayo inethonya elincane kusayizi wendwangu, kuyilapho indlela yokomisa umgqomo ojikelezayo inethonya elikhulu kusayizi wendwangu, kanti ezinye ezimbili ziphakathi nendawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha izinga lokushisa le-ironing elifanele ngokusho kokwakheka kwendwangu kungathuthukisa nokuncipha kwendwangu. Isibonelo, izindwangu zekotini nezelineni zingenziwa nge-ayina ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncipha kwazo kwe-dimensional. Nokho, lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, kuba ngcono. Ngama-synthetic fibers, i-ironing ephezulu yokushisa ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukuncipha kwayo, kodwa izolimaza ukusebenza kwayo, njengezindwangu eziqinile neziqinile.
——————————————————————————————————-Kusukela ku-Fabric Class
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2022