Njengamanje, kunamazwe angaphezu kuka-70 akhiqiza ukotini emhlabeni, asakazwa endaweni ebanzi phakathi kwama-40 ° enyakatho ne-latitude engu-30 ° eningizimu, akha izindawo ezine zikakotini ezigxile kakhulu.Ukukhiqizwa kukakotini kunesilinganiso esikhulu emhlabeni wonke.Izibulala-zinambuzane ezikhethekile kanye nomanyolo ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.Ngakho-ke, ingabe uyazi ukuthi imaphi amazwe abaluleke kakhulu emazweni akhiqiza ukotini emhlabeni?
1. IShayina
Ngomkhiqizo wonyaka wamathani we-metric kakotini wezigidi ezingu-6.841593, i-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu kakotini.Ukotini uyisitshalo esikhulu sohwebo eChina.Izifundazwe ezingama-24 kwezingama-35 zaseShayina zitshala ukotini, lapho cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingama-300 babamba iqhaza ekukhiqizeni kwawo, kanti u-30% wendawo yonke etshaliwe isetshenziselwa ukutshala ukotini.I-Xinjiang Autonomous Region, i-Yangtze River Basin (okuhlanganisa izifundazwe zase-Jiangsu ne-Hubei) kanye neSifunda sase-Huang Huai (ikakhulukazi e-Hebei, e-Henan, e-Shandong nakwezinye izifundazwe) yizindawo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza ukotini.Ukumboza izithombo ezikhethekile, ukumboza ngefilimu yepulasitiki kanye nokuhlwanyela ukotini nokolweni ngezikhathi eziphindwe kabili kuyizindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kukakotini, okwenza iShayina ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.
2. ENdiya
I-India ingumkhiqizi kakotini wesibili ngobukhulu, ikhiqiza amathani kakotini angama-532346700 minyaka yonke, enesivuno esingama-504 kg kuya ku-566 kg ehektheleni ngalinye, okwenza ama-27% omkhiqizo kakotini emhlabeni.I-Punjab, i-Haryana, i-Gujarat ne-Rajasthan yizindawo ezibalulekile zokutshala ukotini.I-India inezikhathi ezihlukene zokuhlwanyela nezokuvuna, ngendawo etshalwe enetha engaphezu kuka-6%.Inhlabathi emnyama emnyama yaseDeccan naseMarwa Plateaus naseGujarat isiza ekukhiqizeni ukotini.
3. I-United States
I-United States of America ingumkhiqizi kakotini wesithathu ngobukhulu futhi ithumela ngaphandle ukotini ngobukhulu emhlabeni.Ikhiqiza ukotini ngemishini yesimanje.Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngemishini, futhi isimo sezulu esikahle kulezi zindawo sinomthelela ekukhiqizeni ukotini.Ukuphotha kanye ne-metallurgy kwasetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqaleni, futhi kamuva kwaphendukela kubuchwepheshe besimanje.Manje ungakwazi ukukhiqiza ukotini ngokusho kwekhwalithi nenjongo.IFlorida, iMississippi, iCalifornia, iTexas ne-Arizona yizifundazwe ezinkulu ezikhiqiza ukotini e-United States.
4. Pakistan
IPakistan ikhiqiza amathani angu-221693200 kakotini e-Pakistan minyaka yonke, okuphinde kube yingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa komnotho wasePakistan.Ngesizini ye-kharif, ukotini utshalwa njengesitshalo sezimboni ku-15% womhlaba wezwe, okuhlanganisa nenkathi yezimvula ezisukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti.IPunjab neSindh yizindawo ezikhiqiza ukotini eziyinhloko ePakistan.I-Pakistan itshala zonke izinhlobo zikakotini ongcono, ikakhulukazi ukotini we-Bt, onesivuno esikhulu.
5. Brazil
I-Brazil ikhiqiza cishe amathani angu-163953700 kakotini minyaka yonke.Ukukhiqizwa kukakotini kusanda kunyuka ngenxa yokungenelela okuhlukahlukene kwezomnotho nezobuchwepheshe, njengokwesekwa kukahulumeni okuhlosiwe, ukuvela kwezindawo ezintsha zokukhiqiza ukotini, kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo obunembayo.Indawo ekhiqiza kakhulu iMato Grosso.
6. I-Uzbekistan
Ukukhishwa konyaka kakotini e-Uzbekistan kungamathani angama-metric ayi-10537400.Imali engenayo kazwelonke yase-Uzbekistan incike kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ukotini, ngoba ukotini ubizwa ngokuthi “Platinum” e-Uzbekistan.Imboni kakotini ilawulwa yisifunda sase-Uzbekistan.Bangaphezu kwesigidi abasebenzi bakahulumeni nabasebenzi bamabhizinisi azimele ababambe iqhaza ekuvuneni ukotini.Ukotini utshalwa kusukela ngoMbasa kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi uvunwa ngoSepthemba.Ibhande lokukhiqiza ukotini liseduze ne-Aidar Lake (eduze kwaseBukhara) futhi, ngokwezinga elithile, iTashkent eduze nomfula i-SYR.
7. Australia
Umkhiqizo kakotini wase-Australia ngonyaka ungamathani angama-976475 metric, nendawo yokutshala engaba amahektha angama-495, okwenza u-17% wesamba sendawo yokulima yase-Australia.Indawo yokukhiqiza ikakhulukazi i-Queensland, izungezwe yi-gwydir, i-namoi, i-Macquarie Valley kanye ne-New South Wales eningizimu yomfula i-McIntyre.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Australia kobuchwepheshe bembewu obuthuthukisiwe kusize ukwandisa isivuno ngehektha ngalinye.Ukulinywa kukakotini e-Australia kunikeze indawo yentuthuko yokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasemakhaya futhi kwathuthukisa amandla okukhiqiza emiphakathini yasemaphandleni eyi-152.
8. I-Turkey
I-Turkey ikhiqiza amathani kakotini angaba ngu-853831 njalo ngonyaka, futhi uhulumeni waseTurkey ukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kukakotini ngamabhonasi.Izindlela zokutshala ezingcono nezinye izinqubomgomo zisiza abalimi ukuthi bathole isivuno esiphezulu.Ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwezimbewu eziqinisekisiwe eminyakeni edlule nakho kusizile ekwandiseni isivuno.Izifunda ezintathu ezitshala ukotini eTurkey zihlanganisa isifunda sase-Aegean Sea, Ç ukurova kanye neSoutheast Anatolia.Isamba esincane sikakotini sikhiqizwa ngase-Antalya.
9. E-Argentina
I-Argentina ikleliswe endaweni ye-19, ngokukhiqizwa kukakotini waminyaka yonke wamathani angama-21437100 emngceleni osenyakatho-mpumalanga, ikakhulukazi esifundazweni saseChaco.Ukutshala ukotini kwaqala ngo-Okthoba futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kukaZibandlela.Isikhathi sokuvuna sisukela maphakathi noFebhuwari kuya phakathi kukaJulayi.
10. I-Turkmenistan
Umphumela wonyaka we-Turkmenistan ungamathani angama-metric ayi-19935800.Ukotini utshalwa engxenyeni yendawo eniselwa ngenkasa eTurkmenistan futhi uniselwa emanzini omfula i-Amu Darya.I-Ahal, i-Mary, i-CH ä rjew ne-dashhowu yizona zindawo ezikhiqiza ukotini eziyinhloko eTurkmenis.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2022